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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Respiratory tract is bathed in this to prevent infection
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IgA
Particularly effective against influenza |
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Non-obvious viruses that enter via respiratory tract
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Adenoviruses
Hantaviruses (part of Bunya) Herpesviruses B19 parvovirus |
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Virus family of Poliovirus
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Picornaviridae
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Virus family of coxsackie viruses
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Picornaviridae
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Enveloped virus that infects GI tract
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Enteric coronavirus
Remember, RARE for enveloped viruses to infect GI tract |
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Viruses that can enter via GI tract
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Picornaviruses
Rotavirus Astroviruses Caliciviridae Adenoviruses Coronaviruses Reovirus |
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Virus family of Norwalk virus
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Caliciviridae
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Enteric adenoviruses and Norwalk viruses infect these cells
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Intestinal epithelial cells
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Astroviruses infect these cells
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M cells
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4 main protections for GI tract
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Alkaline pH
Enzymes & bile IgA (mucosal immunity) Motion |
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Viruses that enter through the skin
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Poxviruses
Herpes simplex Adenoviruses Rhinoviruses Rabies virus |
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Virus family for rabies virus
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Rhabdoviridae
Also includes Vesiculovirus |
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This virus can infect olfactory receptor cells
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Rabies virus
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These viruses can enter conjuctiva & sclera
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Herpes simplex
Adenoviruses Some picornaviruses |
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How does polio virus spread
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Hematogenously
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Where does measles initially replicate
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Respiratory epithelium
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These viruses spread in blood as free viruses
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Polio virus
Yellow fever virus Hepatitis B virus |
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What cell type is EBV assoc. w/ when blood borne?
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B Cells
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These viruses replicate in Kupffer cells
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Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B |
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Dengue and Rubella assoc. w/ this type of cell in blood
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Monocyte/Macrophage
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Virus family of RSV
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Paramyxoviridae
Also contains measles and mumps |
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Viruses for which immune system contributes to damage
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Hepatitis B
Dengue virus RSV |
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Virus family for Dengue virus
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Flaviviridae
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Viruses in which pts. with Ab have worse disease
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Dengue virus
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Virus in which immunized children were found to be worse off
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RSV
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Response generated by KILLED vaccines
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Strong Ab response
Weak cell-mediated response Vaccine is effective for hematogenously spreading virus |
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Type of vaccine for polio
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Killed (Salk) or live attenuated (Sabin)
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Type of vaccine for MMR
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Live attenuated
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Type of vaccine for chicken pox
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Live attenuated
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Type of vaccine for Hepatitis A
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Killed
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Type of vaccine for Hepatitis B
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Subunit
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Type of vaccine for influenza
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Killed
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Type of vaccine for rabies
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Killed
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Types of vaccines for the encephalitides
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Killed
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Viruses with live attenuated vaccines
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MMR
Varicella (chicken pox) Yellow fever Adenovirus |
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Why do live attenuated vaccines lose human virulence
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Accumulation of mutations
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Type of response live attenuated vaccines induce
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Strong cell-mediated immunity
Moderate Ab response Typically, produce longer lasting immunity |
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Two main risks of live attenuated vaccines
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Reversion to wild type (rare)
Causing disease in immunosuppressed |
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Type of vaccine for smallpox
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LIVE (Vaccinia)
Vaccinia is used in novel, recombinant vaccines |
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Target for Acyclovir
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Herpes simplex DNA polymerase
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Target for AZT
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HIV RT
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Target for Ribavirin
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RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of RSV
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Target for Zanamivir/Oseltavir
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Neuraminidase of invluenza virus
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Strain(s) of flu Amantadine/Rimantadine work for
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Strain A only
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Strain(s) of flu Zanamavir/Oseltamivir work for
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BOTH strains A and B
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