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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What side of the vascular system extends from the contracting left ventricle to the systemic capillaries?
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High-pressure side
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What side of the vascular system extends from systemic capillaries, through right heart across pulmonary circulation to the left atrium and finally the left ventricle in its relaxed state?
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Low-pressure side
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What is the equation for mean arterial pressure?
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Pa = Pd + 1/3(Ps-Pd)
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What 2 things does mean arterial pressure depend on?
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Depends on mean arterial volume and arterial compliance (peripheral resistance)
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When there is a sudden increase in venous return, what will happen to the blood pressure?
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Pressure will increase so that the volume in = volume out.
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What can increase mean arterial pressure?
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An increase in cardiac output or an increase in peripheral resistance.
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What can increase work of the heart?
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An increase in cardiac output or an increase in peripheral resistance.
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Sympathetic vascular tone alters what 2 things?
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The radius of the “tube” and resistance.
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What is the global response in blood vessels to exercise?
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Sympathetics - vasodilation
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What is the MOST important physical factor for maintaining blood pressure?
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Blood volume
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What are the physiological and physical factors for maintaining arterial blood pressure?
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Physiological: cardiac output and peripheral resistance
Physical: arterial blood volume and arterial compliance |
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Hydrostatic pressure is related to what force?
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Gravity
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Horizontal vs vertical position affects ____________ due to gravity.
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Intravascular pressure
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What 2 factors of the arteries close to the heart are reflected by arterial blood pressure?
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Their elasticity (compliance or distensibility)
The amount of blood forced into them at any given time |
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T/F
Blood pressure in elastic arteries near the heart is pulsatile (BP rises and falls). |
True!
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The systemic side, which is under high pressure, extends from where to where?
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Extends from contracting left ventricle to systemic arterioles.
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Where is the steepest drop in (systemic) pressure?
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At the level of arterioles
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The left ventricle generates about how much pressure?
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120 mmHg
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The MAP of the systemic side is about how much?
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95 mmHg
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The pulmonary side, which is under low pressure, extends from where to where?
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Extends from systemic capillaries back to right heart, through pulmonary circuit and into relaxed left ventricle.
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The right ventricle generates about how much pressure?
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~30mmHg
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The mean arterial pressure of the pulmonary side is about how much?
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~15mmHg w/ capillary pressures below ~10mmHg
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Transmission of pressure pulse in peripheral arteries:
Diastolic pressure waves are seen in large arteries distal from the aorta due to the a)____________ of the aorta during b)_____________ phase of the cardiac cycle. However, as we move further down the arterial tree the pressure wave is c)_____________ and capillary flow is d)____________. |
a) elastic recoil
b) diastolic c) dampened d) continuous |
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a) Is low or high capillary blood pressure desirable?
b) Why? c) What is its range? |
a) Low
b) Because high BP would rupture fragile, thin-walled capillaries. c) 20 to 40 mm Hg |
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T/F
High capillary BP is needed to force filtrate out into interstitial space and distribute nutrients, gases, and hormones between blood and tissues. |
False!
Low BP is sufficient to force filtrate out into interstitial space and distribute nutrients, gases, and hormones between blood and tissues |
