Block 2 Muscles

Front 1

Gluteus Maximus
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 1

-Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
-Gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract
-Extend & laterally rotate thigh
-Inferior gluteal
-Inferior gluteal

Front 2

Gluteus Medius
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 2

-Ilium between iliac crest & anterior & posterior gluteal lines
-Greater trochanter
-Abduct, medially rotate, stabilize pelvis over femur
-Superior gluteal n.
-Superior gluteal a.
-

Front 3

Gluteus Minimus
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 3

-Ilium between anterior & inferior gluteal lines
-Greater trochanter
-Abduct, medially rotate thigh
-Superior gluteal
-Superior gluteal

Front 4

Tensor Fascia Latae
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 4

-Iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine
-Iliotibial tract
-Flex, abduct, medially rotate thigh
-Superior gluteal
-Lateral circumflex femoral

Front 5

Obturator and gemelli all function as

Back 5

Lateral rotators

Front 6

What muscle covers the internal surface of obturator foramen

Back 6

Obterator internus

Front 7

Order from piriformis to Quadratus femoris (P Go Go Q)

Back 7

-Piriformis
-Gemellus superior
-Obturator internus
-Gemellus inferiof
-Obturator externus
-Quadratus femoris

Front 8

Piriformis m.
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:

Back 8

-Pelvic surface of sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament
-Upper end of greater trochanter
-Laterally rotate thigh
-Sacral (S1-S2)

Front 9

Obturator internus
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 9

-Ischiopubic rami, obturator membrane
-Greater trochanter
-Abduct, laterally rotate thigh
-Nerve to obturator internus
-Superior gluteal a.

Front 10

Superior gemellus
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 10

-Ischial spine
-Obturator internus tendon
-Lateral rotation of thigh
-Nerve to obturator internus
-Inferior gluteal a. ?

Front 11

Inferior gemellus
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 11

-Ischial tuberosity
-Obturator internus tendon
-Laterally rotate thigh
-Nerve to quadratus femoris
-Inferior gluteal

Front 12

Quadratus femoris
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 12

-Ischial tuberosity
-Intertrochanteric crest (posterior femur)
-Laterally rotate thigh
-Nerve to quadratus femoris
-Inferior gluteal

Front 13

Obturator externus
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:

Back 13

-Obturator foramen/membrane
-Intertrochanterioc fossa of femor (next to crest)
-Laterally rotate thigh
-Obturator n. (posterior branch)
-Obturator a.

Front 14

Muscles of the anterior compartment
1.
2.
3.

Back 14

1. Sartorius
2. Quadriceps
3. Pectineus

Front 15

Muscles of Quadriceps
1.
2.
3.
4.

Back 15

1. Rectus femoris
2. Vastus medialis
3. Vastus lateralis
4. Vastus intermedialis

Front 16

Function of quads

Back 16

Extension of knee

Front 17

Sartorius m.
-O:
-I:
-A:
-N:
-V:
*

Back 17

-Anterior superior iliac spine
-Upper medial side of tibia
-Flex, laterally rotate thigh; flex, medially rotate leg
-Femoral n.
-Femoral a.
*Crosses 2 joints

Front 18

Ilacus
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 18

-Iliac fossa, ala of sacrum
-Lesser trochanter
-Flex thigh (along with psoas)
-Femoral

Front 19

Rectus femoris
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V
*

Back 19

-Anterior superior iliac spina
-Upper medial side of tibia
-Flex, laterally rotate thigh; flex, medially rotate leg
-Femoral
-Femoral
*crosses 2 joints

Front 20

Vastus medialis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 20

-Intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity
-Lateral patella, tibial tuberosity
-Extend leg
-Femoral
-Femoral

Front 21

Vastus Intermedius
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 21

-Upper shaft of femur, lower lateral intermuscular septum
-Upper border of patella, tibial tuberosity
-Extend leg
-Femoral
-Femoral

Front 22

Muscles of the medial compartment

Back 22

1. Adductor longus
2. Adductor brevis
3. Adductor magnus
4. Pectineus
5. Gracilis
6. Obturator externus

Front 23

Medial Compartment
-Nerve ( ___ & ___ have another)
-Artery
-Generalized action

Back 23

-Obturator; adductor magnus, pectineus
-Obturator
-Adduct thigh

Front 24

Pectineus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 24

-Pectinal line of pubis
-Pectineal line of femur (proximal)
-Adduct, flex thigh
-Obturator and femoral
-Obturator

Front 25

Gracilis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 25

-Body & inferior pubic ramus
-Medial surface of upper 1/4 of tibia
-Adduct, flex thigh; Flex, medially rotate leg
-Obturator
-Medial circumflex femoral

Front 26

Adductor longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 26

-Body of pubis, below crest
-Middle 1/3 of linea aspera
-Adduct, flex thigh
-Obturator
-Obturator

Front 27

Adductor brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 27

-Body & inferior pubic ramus
-Pectineal line, upper linea aspera
-Adduct, flex thigh
-Obturator
-Obturator

Front 28

Adductor Magnus
-O
-I
-A
--Anterior belly
--Posterior belly
-N
-V

Back 28

-Ischiopubic ramus, ischial tuberosity
-Linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
--Adduct, laterally rotate, flex thigh
--Adduct, medially rotate, extend thigh
-Obturator & tibial
-Obturator

Front 29

Obturator externus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 29

-Margin of obturator foramen/membrane
-Intertrochanteric fossa
-Abduct, Laterally rotate thigh
-Obturator
-Obturator

Front 30

What muscles is the landmark for anterior and posterior obturator n. and a.

Back 30

Adductor brevis

Front 31

Which muscle contains the adductor hiatus

Back 31

Adductor magnus

Front 32

What passes through adductor hiatus

Back 32

Femoral vessels, becoming popliteal

Front 33

Muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh

Back 33

1. Semitendinosus
2. Semimembranosus
3. Biceps femoris

Front 34

Hamstring muscles

Back 34

1. Semitendinosis
2. Semimembranosis
3. Long head of biceps femoris

Front 35

Definition of a hamstring

Back 35

Cross 2 joints, tibial n., O: ischial tuberosity

Front 36

Hamstrings
-Function
-Blood supply
-Nerve
-3/4 arise from

Back 36

-Thigh extension, leg flexion
-Inferior gluteal, perforating branch of deep femoral, popliteal
-Ischial tuberosity
-Sciatic (tibial, except biceps short head (fibular)

Front 37

Semiteninosus

-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 37

-Ischial tuberosity
-Medial surface of upper tibia
-Extend thigh; flex, medially rotate leg
-Tibial
-Inferior gluteal

Front 38

Semimembranosus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 38

-Ischial tuberosity
-Medial condyle of tibia
-Extend thigh, flex & medially rotate leg
-Tibial
-Deep femoral, gluteal

Front 39

Biceps femoris
-O
--Long head
--Short head
-I
-A
-N
--
--
-V

Back 39

--Ischial tuberosity
--Linea aspera, supraconduyar line
-Head of fibula
-Extend thigh, flex & laterally rotate leg
--Tibial
--Common peroneal

Front 40

Which posterior thigh muscle has not action at hip joint

Back 40

Short head of biceps femoris

Front 41

Superficial muscles of the posterior leg

Back 41

1. Gastrocnemius
2. Soleus

Front 42

Deep muscles of posterior leg (Tom Dick ANd Harry)

Back 42

1. Tibialis posterior
2. Flexor digitorum longus
3. Flexor hallucis longus

Front 43

Gastroc general function compared to soleus

Back 43

fast twitch fibers for quick contractions

Front 44

Soleus general function compared to gastroc

Back 44

Slower twitch fibers, more suited for maintenance of posture

Front 45

Tendocalcaneal rupture = loss of ____ function; can still use:

Back 45

Plantar flexion; Tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum, flexor hallucis

Front 46

2 muscles inserting into base of 5th metatarsal

Back 46

Fibularis brevis & tertius

Front 47

Muscles that stabilize the lateral side of the foot

Back 47

Fibularis

Front 48

Fibularis tertius and flexor digitorum longus relationship

Back 48

Really same muscle, different tendon

Front 49

Adductor hiatus formed by tendon of ____ muscle

Back 49

Adductor magnus

Front 50

Muscle that gets bruised while wearing heels

Back 50

Extensor digitorum brevis

Front 51

Flexor digitorum brevis is like _____ in the arm/hand

Back 51

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Front 52

_____ splits to allow tendons of ______ to go through

Back 52

flexor digitorum brevis; flexor digitrum longus

Front 53

2 muscles of foot that have 2 heads

Back 53

1. Flexor hallucis brevis
2. Flexor digiti minimi

Front 54

Muscle of foot that has transverse and oblique head

Back 54

Adductor hallucis

Front 55

Tendon of ____ sits in the middle of the 2 heads of flexor flexor hallucis brevs

Back 55

flexor hallucis longus

Front 56

Extensor digitorum brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 56

-Dorsal calcaneus
-Tendon of extensor digitorum longus
-Extend toes
-Deep fibular
-Dorsalis pedis

Front 57

Extensor hallucis brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 57

-Dorsal calcaneus
-Base of PIP of big toe
-Extend big toe
-Deep fibular
-Dorsalis pedis

Front 58

Abductor hallucis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 58

-Medial tubercle of calcaneus
-Base of PIP of big toe
-Abduct big toe
-Medial plantar

Front 59

Flexor digitorum brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 59

-Medial tubercle of calcaneus
-Middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes
-Flex middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes
-Medial plantar

Front 60

Abductor digiti minimi
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 60

-Medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneus
-Proximal phalanx of little toe
-Abduct little toe
-Lateral plantar
-Lateral plantar

Front 61

Lumbricals
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 61

-Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
-Proximal phalanges, extensor expansions
-Flex MP, extend PIP & DIP
--Digit 2: Medial plantar
--Digit 3-4 Lateral plantar

Front 62

Quadratus plantae
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 62

-Medial and lateral calcaneus
-Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
-Aids in flexing toes, keeps tendons straight rather than pulled medially
-Lateral plantar

Front 63

Adductor hallucis
-O
--
--
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 63

--Transverse head: Capsule of lateral 4 MP joints
--Oblique head: Base of metatarsals 2-4
-Proximal phalanx of big toe
-Adduct big toe
-Lateral plantar
-Lateral plantar a.

Front 64

Flexor hallucis brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 64

-Cuboid, 3rd cuneiform
-Proximal phalanx of big toe
-Flex big toe
-Medial plantar

Front 65

Flexor digiti minimi brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 65

-Base of 5th metatarsal
-Proximal phalanx of little toe
-Flex little toe
-Lateral plantar

Front 66

Plantar interossei
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 66

-Medial sides of metatarsals 3-5
-Medial base of proximal phalanges 3-5
-Adduct toe, flex PIP, extend DIP
-Lateral plantar

Front 67

Dorsal Interossei
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 67

-Adjacent shafts of metatarsals
-Proximal phalanges of 2nd toe (med/lat side), & 3rd and 4th toe (lat side)
-Abduct toe, flex proximal, extend distal phalanges
-Lateral plantar

Front 68

External intercostal muscle
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V
*Location, starts at ends at
*Fiber Direction

Back 68

-Lower border of ribs
-Upper border of rib below
-Elevate ribs in inspiration
-Intercostal n.
*Starts at vertebrae, Ends as membrane, not inserting on sternum
*Hands in front pocket
-Intercostal a.

Front 69

INternal intercostals
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V
*Direction of fibers
*Location, starts at, ends at

Back 69

-Lower border of ribs
-Upper border of ribs below
-Depress/elevate ribs
-Intercostal
-Intercostal
*Hands in back pocket
*Sternum, before vertebrae

Front 70

Innermost intercostals
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 70

-Lower border of ribs
-Upper border of rib below
-Elevate ribs
-Intercostal
-Intercostal

Front 71

Transversus thoracics
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 71

-Posterior lower sternum & xiphoid
-Inner costal cartilage 2-6
-Depress ribs
-Intercostal
-Intercostal

Front 72

Subcostalils
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 72

-Inner lower ribs near angle
-Upper border of ribs 2 or 3 below
-Elevate ribs
-Intercostal

Front 73

Levator costarum
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 73

-Transverse process T7-T11
-Subjacent ribs between tubercle & angle
-Elevate ribs
-DPR of C8-T11

Front 74

Muscles of the anterior leg (4)
-Nerve

Back 74

1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor hallucis longus
3. Extensor digitorum longus
4. Fibularis tertius
-Deep fibular

Front 75

Tibialis Anterior
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 75

-Lateral tibia
-1st cuneiform, 1st metatarsal (plantar)
-Dorsiflex, invert foot
-Deep fibular
-Anterior tibial a.

Front 76

Extensor hallucis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 76

-Middle anterior fibular, interosseous membrane
-DIP of 1st toe
-Extend big toe, dorsiflex, invert foot
-Deep fibular
-Anterior tibial a.

Front 77

Extensor digitorum longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 77

-Lateral tibial condyle, upper fibula, interosseous
-PIP/DIP of lateral 4 toes
-Extend toes, dorsiflex, invert foot
-Deep fibular
-Anterior tibial

Front 78

Fibularis tertius
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 78

-Distal fibula
-base of 5th
-Dorsiflex, evert foot
-Deep fibular
-Anterior tibial

Front 79

Muscles of the lateral leg
1.
2.
-Nerve

Back 79

Fibularis longus & brevis
Superficial fibular

Front 80

Fibularis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 80

-Lateral tibial condyle, lateral fibula head
-Base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
-Plantar flex, eversion
-Superficial fibular
-Fibular a.

Front 81

Fibularis brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 81

-Lower lateral fibula
-Base of the 5th
-Eversion, plantar flex
-Superficial fibular
-Fibular

Front 82

-Superficial muscles of posterior leg (3)
-Nerve

Back 82

1. Gastrocnemius
2. Soleus
3. Plantaris
-Tibial

Front 83

Gastrocnemius
-O
--
--
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 83

--Medial head: Medial condyle of femur
--Lateral: Lateral condyle
-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
-Plantar flexion, leg flexion
-Tibial
-Sural

Front 84

Muscles of the anterior leg (4)
-Nerve

Back 84

1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor hallucis longus
3. Extensor digitorum longus
4. Fibularis tertius
-Deep fibular

Front 85

Tibialis Anterior
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 85

-Lateral tibia
-1st cuneiform, 1st metatarsal (plantar)
-Dorsiflex, invert foot
-Deep fibular
-Anterior tibial a.

Front 86

Extensor hallucis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 86

-Middle anterior fibular, interosseous membrane
-DIP of 1st toe
-Extend big toe, dorsiflex, invert foot
-Deep fibular
-Anterior tibial a.

Front 87

Extensor digitorum longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 87

-Lateral tibial condyle, upper fibula, interosseous
-PIP/DIP of lateral 4 toes
-Extend toes, dorsiflex, invert foot
-Deep fibular
-Anterior tibial

Front 88

Fibularis tertius
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 88

-Distal fibula
-base of 5th
-Dorsiflex, evert foot
-Deep fibular
-Anterior tibial

Front 89

Muscles of the lateral leg
1.
2.
-Nerve

Back 89

Fibularis longus & brevis
Superficial fibular

Front 90

Fibularis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 90

-Lateral tibial condyle, lateral fibula head
-Base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
-Plantar flex, eversion
-Superficial fibular
-Fibular a.

Front 91

Fibularis brevis
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 91

-Lower lateral fibula
-Base of the 5th
-Eversion, plantar flex
-Superficial fibular
-Fibular

Front 92

-Superficial muscles of posterior leg (3)
-Nerve

Back 92

1. Gastrocnemius
2. Soleus
3. Plantaris
-Tibial

Front 93

Gastrocnemius
-O
--
--
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 93

--Medial head: Medial condyle of femur
--Lateral: Lateral condyle
-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
-Plantar flexion, leg flexion
-Tibial
-Sural

Front 94

Soleus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 94

-Medial tibia, lateral fibula
-Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
-Plantar flex
-Tibial
-Sural

Front 95

Plantaris
-O
-I
-A
-N

Back 95

-Lateral supracondylar line (femur)
-Posterior calcaneus
-Flex leg, plantar flex, lock knee
-Tibial

Front 96

-Deep muscles of posterior leg (4)
-Nerve

Back 96

1. Flexor digitorum longus
2. Tibials posterior
3. Flexor hallucis longus
4. Popliteus
-Tibial n.

Front 97

Flexor digitorum longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 97

-Medial tibia
-DIP of lateral 4 digits
-Flex digits, plantar flex
-Tibial
-Posterior tibial

Front 98

Tibialis posterior
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 98

-Upper tibia/fibula, interosseous
-Navicular tuberosity, tarsals, metatarsals
-Plantar flex, inversion, support big toe

Front 99

Flexor hallucis longus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 99

-Lower fibula, interosseous membrane
-DIP of big toe
-Big toe flexion, plantar flexion
-Tibial
-Fibular

Front 100

Popliteus
-O
-I
-A
-N
-V

Back 100

-Lateral femoral condyle (posterior)
-Upper medial tibia
-Laterally rotate leg, flex
-Tibial
-Posterior tibial