Block 1 Histo Slides

Front 1

What are the four tissues that form the organs in the body?

Back 1

Nervous
Fibrous
Muscle
Epithelium

Front 2

Ectoderm forms ____
Endoderm forms _____
Mesoderm forms ______

Back 2

Skin
Digestive tube
Lining of blood vessels

Front 3

The plasma membrane is covered with the ______ surface

Back 3

Apical

Front 4

The lateral surfaces of the cell contain _____ ______ that anchor adjacent cells together

Back 4

Cell junctions

Front 5

Since the apical surface and basal surface are separated we can say that this cell is ____ in its function.

Back 5

Polarized

Front 6

The ___ surface is the surface across which secretory granules are released by exocytosis into the lumen.

Back 6

Apical

Front 7

Microvilli are found on most cells and function in _____. They also increase the plasma membrane surface area.

Back 7

Absorption

Front 8

________ are extensions of the plasma membrane that in the presence of ATP, will beat.

Back 8

Cillia

Front 9

Where do cell junctions attach? i.e what surface

Back 9

Lateral surface

Front 10

What are the two types of cell junctions and their subtypes?

Back 10

Functional
-Gap
-Tight

Structural
-Desmosomes
Zonula adherns

Front 11

What are the two ways that water and small solutes can move through an epithelial membrane?

Back 11

Transcellular and paracellular (requires tight junctions)

Front 12

How is a tight junction formed?

Back 12

When the transmembrane protein in the lateral plasma membrane of one epithelial cell laces with a similar transmembrane protein in the lateral plasma membrane of an adjacent epithelial cell.

Ca is required for tight junction.

Front 13

How do tight junctions selectively tighten and loosen the seal between cells?

Back 13

This occurs due to signals within and outside the cell to regulate paracelular pathway of fluid and small solute movement

Front 14

What functional junction is Calcium dependent?

Back 14

Tight junctions

Front 15

Gap junction channels are formed from _____ and the channels that forms are called ______

Back 15

Connexins
Connexon

Front 16

What tyoe of CAM is cell to cell attachment with anchors in the cytoskeleton, is Ca2+ dependent but doesn't bind to carbohydrates?

Back 16

Cadherins
Selectins-attach cell to cell by binding to carbs on the plasma protein of the adj cell membrane

Front 17

What CAM attach cells to the ECM and utilize actin filaments in the cytoskeleton to keep the nucleus informed of changes in the ECM?

Back 17

Integrins

Front 18

What is the weaker of the two mechanical junctions, what cytoskelleton do they use and CAM?

Back 18

Zonula adherens
Cadherin molecules
Actin fillaments

Front 19

What is the stronger of the two mechanical junctions and what cytoskeleton do they use?

Back 19

Keratin and Desmosomes

Front 20

Epithelial membrane is avascular, where does it get blood from>

Back 20

The epithelial membrane rest on a fibrous tissue bed and capillaries within the fibrous tissue bed nourish them.

Front 21

The basal lamina is produced by two different cells?

Back 21

Fibroblasts in the fibrous tissue bed
Epithelial cells in the epithelial membrane

Front 22

The basal lamina acts as a ___ to protect the epithelial cells and also provides a scaffolding for ____ ______

Back 22

Filter
Wound healing

Front 23

The basal membrane is made of two components?

Back 23

Fibers (type 4 collagen that is found ONLY IN BASAL MEMBRANES.) forms shetts of collagen

Ground substance

Front 24

The ground substance consists of ______ and adhesion glycoprotein molecules. The most abundant adhesion glycoprotein in the basement membrane is _______

Back 24

proteoglycans
laminin

Front 25

Laminin attaches to _____ in the epithelial basal plasma membrane. It also attaches to proteoglycans and Type IV collagen.

Back 25

integrins

Front 26

Fibroblast in the basal lamina produce ____ and ground substance.

Back 26

Fibers.

Front 27

Integrins in the plasma membrane of the fibroblast attach to _______ in the fibrous tissue bed that connect to fibers in the basement membrane.

Back 27

Fibronectin

Front 28

The fibrous ridge between epithelial cell and fibroblast provides a moment by moment assessment of stress on the cells and informs the nucleus of each cell. This is particularly important during the _______ _______ if the epithelium has been injured.

Back 28

Healing process

Front 29

Actin filaments in the epithelial cell will attach to integrins in the basement membrane, which in turn the laminin will attach to the ______ and the ______

Back 29

Proteoglycans
Fiber (type four collagen)

Front 30

The ______ are button-like anchoring attachments between the basal surface of certain epithelial membranes and the adjacent basement membrane.

Back 30

Hemidesmosomes

Front 31

What attaches to keratin filaments within the cell?

Back 31

Hemidesmosome;
Hemidesmosome consists of integrin molecules in the basal surface of the epithelial cell attached to keratin filaments

Front 32

Hemidesmosome is anchoring junction that anchors the basal surface of the epithelial cell to the ______ membrane

Back 32

Basement

Front 33

What are the two ways to describe epithelial membranes?

Back 33

Shape of cells and number of layers of cells

Front 34

When describing epithelial membranes based on number of layers of cells that are stacked, what are the two forms?

Back 34

Simple-single layer
Stratified-more than one layer of cells stacked on top of one another

Front 35

What is an example of squamous epithelial membrane

Back 35

Endothelium; lines the lumen of all blood vessels