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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is different between tertiary and quarternary amine anticholinergics?
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tertiary can enter CNS
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tx motion sickness
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scopolamine- tertiary
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used in ophthalmology- mydriasis and cycloplegia
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homatropine- tertiary
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used in Parkinsonism and for extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic agents
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benzotropine
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used for urinary incontinence (2)
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oxybutyrin and tolterodine- tertiary
decrease bladder tone |
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tx peptic ulcers
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pirenzipine- tertiary, M1 selective
decreases GI secretions, reduces motility, delays emptying |
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acts on GI tract
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propantheline- quarternary
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prophylactic for asthma (2)
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ipratropium and tiotropium- quarternary
reduce bronchoconstriction |
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pre-anesthetic
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glycopyrrolate- quarternary
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This drug is M1, M3 selective- when taken by inhalation it has significantly longer duration (>24 hrs) of action relative to ipratropium
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thiotropium
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lowest atropine sensitivity organ to highest atropine sensitivity organ
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secretory
eye and heart GI and UT motility GI secretion CNS |
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atropine secretory effects
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dec sweating
dec respiratory secretion dec salivation |
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atropine eye and heart effects
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mydriasis (dilation)
cycloplegia (paralysis of accomodation) tachycardia |
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atropine GI and UT motility effects
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dec gastric, intestinal, biliary, ureter and bladder smooth muscle contraction
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atropine GI secretory effect
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dec GI secretion
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atropine CNS effect
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excitation, delerium, medullary depression
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atropine toxicity
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Hot as a hare
Dry as a bone Red as a beet Blind as a bat Mad as a hatter |
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3 plants where belladonna alkaloids may be found (atropine, scopolamine)
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deadly nightshade
jimson-weed henbane |
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tx for anti-muscarinic drug poisoning
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anticholinesterase (inc ACh)
sedative for CNS (tertiary drugs only) supportive alcohol sponge for fever |
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is atropine absorbed well from GI tract?
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yes- uncharged form readily absorbed
excreted in urine about 50% metabolized (scopolamine 99% metabolized) |
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Anticholinergics
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ABCD's
anorexia blurry vision constipation confusion dry mouth sedation stasis of urine |
