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37 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the 12 cranial nerves
I Olfactory
II Optic
IIIOccularmotor
IV Trochlear
V Trigemenal
VI Abducent
VII Facial
VIII Vestibulocochlear
IX Glossopharyngeal
X Vagus
XI Assessory
XII Hypoglossal
the 31 pairs of spinal nerves belong to what region?
8- cervical
12-thoracic
5-lumbar
5-sacral
1-coccygeal
What does the autonomic/visceral nervous system innervate?
smooth muscle, cardiac, glands
What are the 2 function divisions of the ANS?
sympathetic
parasympathetic
What is the portion of the cell that surrounds the nucleus of a neuron?
perikaryon
What cranial nerves do bipolar neurons associate with?
II, III, VIII (special senses)
Where are multipolar neurons found?
Ganglia of PNS and ventral and lateral grey horns of the spinal cord
Where are pseudounipolar neurons found?
dorsal root ganglia
What is the structure of the grey matter in spinal cord?
dorsal horn
lateral horn
ventral horn
What is the efferent pathway to signal a muscle to move?
Signal from brain--->cell body in ventral horn of spinal cord-->ventral root-->either to ventral primary ramus or dorsal primary ramus
What is the afferent pathway from a stimulus?
dorsal primary rami or ventral primary rami-->dorsal root ganglia-->cell bodies in CNS
What does the dorsal primary rami innervate?
deep back muscles and sensory innervation to the skin adjacent to the vertebral column
What does the ventral primary rami form and innervate?
innervate the muscles of the trunk and abdomen at the thoracic level and forms the plexus of the brachial, lumbar, sacral
The ventral primary rami become the_____nerves at the thoracic level.
intercostal
The cervical plexus covers what spinal segments?
C1-C4
The brachial plexus covers what spinal segments?
C5-T1
The Lumbar plexus covers what spinal segments?
L1-L4
The sacral plexus covers what spinal segments?
L4-S4
What are the functions of the autonomic system?
sympathetic='fight or flight" dilates pupils, constricts vessels, stops digestion, increase heart rate
parasympathetic= "peace and rest" constricts pupils, decreases heart rate, increase peristalsis, empty bladder and rectum, increase digestive juice secretion
What is the main difference between how nerves innervate the autonomic NS and the somatic NS?
in the autonomic NS there are 2 cells that synapse. The first cell body (preganglion) originates from the CNS and the nerve fiber travels to the autonomic ganglions where there is a synapse with another set of cells (post ganglion) which then travel to the target organ for innervation
What are the two different types a nerves where autonomic NS neurons can exit from the CNS?
Spinal nerve or cranial nerves
What is the role of the sympathetic trunk?
It is where the preganglia cells synapse with the post ganglion cells in the autonomic NS
What region of the spinal cord are the pre ganglia cells for the sympathetic NS located?
T1-L2
How many postganglia cells are in each region of the sympathetic chain/trunk
3-4 cervical ganglia
11 thoracic ganglia
4-5 lumbar ganglia
Preganglionic fibers enter the sympathetic chain through the ____.
White rami communicantes
The post ganglionic fibers leave the sympathetic chain through the ____.
grey rami communicantes
upon entering the sympathetic chain through the white rami communicantes, what paths can a preganglionic fibers take?
1) synapse at that level
2) go up levels and synpase
3) go down levels and synapse
4) not synapse there but exit and synapse at the target organ
What does the white and grey rami communicantes branch off of to connect to the sympathetic chain?
ventral primary rami
Preganglionic neurons that do not synapse in the sympathetic chain branch and regroup in a bundle called _____.
splanchnic nerves
How many thoracic and splanchnic nerves are there?
3 thoracic splanchnic
3-4 lumbar splanchnic nerves
What thoracic ganglia contribute to the greater, lesser, and lowest splanchnic nerves?
greater: 5th-9th thoracic ganglia
less: 10th and 11th thoracic gangia
lowest: 12th thoracic ganglia (if even present)
The lumbar splanchnic nerves contribute to what response system?
parasympathetic
Where do the parasympathetic preganglion cells originate?
Cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X and the 2nd-4th sacral nerves
What are the names of the ganglions for III, VII, and IX?
III: ciliary ganglion
VII: pterygopalatine ganglion and submandibular ganglion
IX: Otic ganglion
What innervates the intrinsic muscle of the hand?
1st thoracic nerve
innervates the deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres major and subscapularis
5th and 6th cervical nerves
What nerve innervates the rhomboid muscles?
5th cervical nerve