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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What cell type occupies the majority of the brain?
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90% neuroglia
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What is the cell origin of the glial cells from the PNS and CNS?
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PNS= glialblasts from the neural crest
CNS= glialblasts fromt he neural tube |
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What are the 4 main types of glial cells in the CSN?
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oligodendrocytes
ependymal astrocytes microglial |
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What are the main types of glial cells in the PNS?
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schwann
satellite cells |
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What is the function of astrocytes?
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fxn=fill in space, be in close proximity to cell bodies to uptake neurotransmitters (glutamate) and attach to capillaries, limit the spread of electric field, stain with GFAP, uptake of K+ through many astrocytes through gap junction to blood vessels, radial glial guide neurons to migrate to correct spot
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How do astrocytes form?
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neuroepithelium cells (originally from neural tube) form radial glial cells which form astrocytes
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What is the difference between protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes?
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protoplasmic=found in grey matter
fibrous=found in white matter |
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What is the structure and function of ependymal cells?
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Ciliated columnar cells that line the ventricles. the cilia help move cerebrospinal fluid
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What is the difference between oligodentrocytes and schwann cells?
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both myelinate axons but oligodendrocytes are in the CNS and schwann cells are in the PNS
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Describe how myelin is tightly held around the axon in oligodendrocytes and schwann cells.
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oligodendrocytes=proteolipid proteins anchor the layers together
schwann=protein 0 anchors the lipids together both=myelin basic protein packs the layers together |
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Name some myelin related disorders.
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Tay Sachs
MS Gaucher's Vitamin 12 deficiency Charcot-Marie tooth disease leukodystrophy |
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What is the fxn of microglia?
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Respond to injury and become activated which cause them to become motile and migrate to site and engage in phagocytosis
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What happens when microglial get activated?
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release cytotoxic factors like ROS, proteases and cytokines
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What does alheimers and parkinsons disease have in common?
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inflammation of microglial which secretes IL-1a and TGFa
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