B&l: Blue: Hiv, Yellow Fever, Dengue

Front 1

Retrovirus: HIV 1, 2

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 1

Common Disease: AIDS

Cell Infected: CD4 T-cells, macrophages

Front 2

Retrovirus: HTLV 1,2

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 2

Common Disease: Leukemia

Cell Infected: CD4/8 T-cells

Front 3

Flavivirus: Yellow Fever Virus

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 3

Common Disease: Yellow Fever

Cell Infected: Langerhans, macrophage

note: this is a hemorrhagic fever...

Front 4

Flavivirus: Dengue virus

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 4

Common Disease: ?

Cell Infected: vascular permeability, liver


note: this is a hemorrhagic fever...

Front 5

Herpes Virus: Epstein Barr Virus (EBV)

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 5

Common Disease: inf. mononucleosis

Cell Infected: B cells

Front 6

Herpes Virus: Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 6

Common Disease: congenital/mono

Cell Infected: T, B, macrophages

Front 7

Herpes Virus: HHV-6-7

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 7

Common Disease: Roseola

Cell Infected: T, B cells

Front 8

Herpes Virus: HHV-8 (KSHV)

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 8

Common Disease: Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Cell Infected: B cells, endothelial cells

Front 9

Parvovirus: B19

Please give the most common disease and the cells infected by the above virus

Back 9

Common Disease: Slapped cheek

Cell Infected: pro-erythroblast

Front 10

what is key to the life-form of HIV?

*

Back 10

REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION

Front 11

key to problem with pts with HIV (and the reason it is hard to cure)

*

Back 11

The disease has integrated into your DNA

we don't know how to get it out

Front 12

Causative agents for HIV? 3

Back 12

HIV-1 (Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1).

HIV-2 (low-level, milder).

Related – HTLV’s

Front 13

which is worse HIV 1 or 2?

Back 13

HIV 1

2 is low-level and milder

Front 14

what is the external docking protein for HIV? (what we are trying to block to make a vaccine)

**

Back 14

GP120

Front 15

what is the protein that initiates fusion of HIV with the host cell

**

Back 15

GP41

note: this is the 2nd step after GP120 has been used to dock

Front 16

enzyme that ultimately integrates the newly created viral DNA into the host?

**

Back 16

Integrase

Front 17

What is the job of protease in HIV

Back 17

it cleaves bigger RNA componenets into smaller ones

Front 18

Reverse transcriptase does what?

Back 18

makes the DNA/RNA and then DNA/DNA double helix that will be put into the host DNA

Front 19

what leads to a mutant swarm (survival tactic, a primary pathogenic factor that makes the virus different) in HIV?
*
**

Back 19

Reverse transcriptase is mistake prone

which leads to rapid antigenic variation

note: the immune system takes about 7 days to recognize a foreign antibody, and HIV is always changing, so it cannot keep up with the disease after infection

Front 20

Primary target cell of HIV1?

**

Back 20

CD4 T-helper (Th) cells, (basically attacks and destroys the immune system)

also macrophages and glial cells.

Front 21

in addition to the CD4 receptor on a T cell, what else is required to infect?

Back 21

co-receptor (chemokine)

Front 22

most likely first place where integration/virus production of HIV occurs?

Back 22

Macrophage

Front 23

HIV virus that utilizes CD4 and CCR5 receptors are known as what?

Back 23

M-Tropic HIV 1

(m for monocyte)

Front 24

CXCR4 receptors are found where? Thus leads to what?

Back 24

on T cells

after the macrophage is infected, it mutates so that it can utilize the CXCR4 co receptor on the T cell. You start to have depletion of these cells which is known as T-Tropic HIV

Front 25

T-Tropic HIV utilizes what receptor? And what lymph tissue is depleted?

Back 25

CXCR4

Gut depletion

Front 26

in terminal forms of AIDs you will see dementia. What is this due to? What receptor is involved?

Back 26

This is due to G-Tropic HIV1

this affects the glial cells

the receptor on glial cells that acts as a co-factor is CCR3

Front 27

when does HIV DNA get replicated?

Back 27

only when the T cell is activated

Front 28

KEY POINTS:

Reverse transcription-->Mutation, Genetic Diversity (escape from immunity, antivirals)

Integration-->Latency, Permanence of Infection

T-cell destruction-->Loss of Immune Response

Back 28

just a quick little summary

Front 29

What are the three major groups of HIV1? which causes majority of infection?

Back 29

M (major)-causes 90% of infection
N (new)
O (outlier?)

Front 30

note: there are subgroups of HIV-M viruses..which is most common in the US?

Back 30

the subgroup of M that is most common is in USA is

B

Front 31

What is a common alternate route of infection for HIV?

Back 31

Dendritic cells

in essence they get infected and then do their job: aka they present antigens to the CD4 cells

this pretty much insures HIV infection, because the dendritic cell is bringing the virus right to the cell it will destroy (the T cell)...oops