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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The average mass of Hb in a red cell is shown by what test? Is it sex dependent?
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MCH (Mean corpuscular hemoglobin)
NOT sex dependent |
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What is red cell distribution width?
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Since MCV represents the average red cell vol., it is less reliable in identifying marked variation in cell size (anisocytosis)
RDW measures the variation in size |
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What do high and low red cell distribution width's mean?
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High RDW: Increase in the heterogeneity of RBC size
Low RDW: A more uniform RBC population, little or no variability in size. |
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what is a high RDW associated with? What about small?
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high: Anemia
Small: Hereditary hemoglobinopathy |
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What are the 2 types of macrocytosis? is macrocytosis normochromic or hypochromic?
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Oval or Round
Normochromic; no polychromasia remember: macrocytosis is >8 um diameter; MCV>100 |
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What type of macrocytes predominate in:
Vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies Aplastic anemia Myelodysplastic Syndromes Chemotherapy effect |
Oval macrocytes
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Microcytes are associated as a normochromic or hypochromic process?
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Hypochromic
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What is an Acanthocytes? What do you normally see?
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Smaller than normal red cell
3 to 12 irregular membrane spikes, unevenly distributed. No Central Pallor |
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What does this show? what are they associated with?
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Acanthocytes
Seen with liver disease |
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spikes evenly distributed on a RBC membrane, maintain central pallor...this describes?
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Echinocyte
Remember: Acanthocytes have NO central pallor and the spikes are more random |
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Other than improperly prepared smears, what are some of the causes of echniocytes (2 major)
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Uremia and chronic renal failure
Immediately post-transfusion with aged or metabolically depleted blood. |
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What are schistocytes?
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Fragments of RBCs...
Irregularity of cell size and shape, . Small fragments lack any significant central pallor. |
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what can be very indicative of very serious hemolytic conditions?
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Schistocytes
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Resembles a pear: round with a single elongated or pointed extremity. Unipolar tapered end with a blunt tip
Maybe artifactual in improperly made smears. (tails line up in same direction) this describes? |
teardrop cell
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Rod shaped with nearly parallel sides
If >10% suspect hereditary ovalocytosis (25% is diagnostic), an abnormality of skeletal membrane proteins. |
Ovalocyte (Elliptocyte)
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Schistocytes, acanthocytes, and sphereocytes are the ones to know ...
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for the test!!
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Central pallor appears slit like, straight, or fish mouth.
put in here just for completion, feel free to breeze on through |
Stomatocyte
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Increased surface membrane to volume ratio results in a central darker region within the area of central pallor. “Bulls eye” cell.
What kind of cell is this? |
Target Cell
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iron deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Hemoglobinopathies, and Liver disease can be diseases associated with what cells?
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Target Cells
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What is a reticulocyte?
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an immature RBC
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this cell is larger than an RBC and has a blue color, which is referred to polychromatophillia...
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Reticulocyte
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Numerous, evenly distributed blue-gray granules within the cytoplasm. Maybe fine or coarse
this describes what? |
Basophilic Stippling
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A DNA fragment produced when nuclear extrusion from the RBC takes place
not seen in normal state because the spleen will eat these bad boys up |
Howell-Jolly Body
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Iron containing particles visible on WG stain.
Abnormal sidersomes composed of both iron and protein matrix. this describes what? |
Pappenheimer Body
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under a microscope you see blue granules, with irregular sharp edges. You ask for an iron stain and it is positive. This confirms that you are looking at a
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Pappenheimer Body
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RBCs stick together and are in a "stack of coins" formation... this describes? where can you find it on a smear?
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Rouleaux formation
found in the feathers edge |
