Bju Science 7 - Chapter 8A

Front 1

Since Creation, God has caused at least two major global changes. What were they?

Back 1

(1) God cursed the ground because of Adam and Eve's sin. Since then man has had to work for food he takes form the ground. (2) God sent a worldwide flood.

Front 2

What has happened to "life span" since creation?

Back 2

It has continually decreased - from about 900 years for Noah to about 64 years now.

Front 3

How does the decreasing lifespan contradict evolutionary claims that organisms are generally improving?

Back 3

Decreasing life span shows that man has experienced degeneration, not evolution.

Front 4

Define: Mutation

Back 4

any change in an organism's genetic material.

Front 5

Define: albinism

Back 5

is caused by a mutation that affects the pigment-producing cells in skin making a persons skin and hair white

Front 6

Define: lethal mutations

Back 6

mutations that cause death (sometimes before the organism is born - sometimes after)

Front 7

gene mutations

Back 7

one of the main types of mutations. Many human genetic disorders are believed to be gene mutations. Occurs when there are changes in the sequence of bases in the segment of DNA that makes up a gene.

Front 8

Are all gene mutations harmful?

Back 8

No. Some gene mutations can be unnoticable, some harmful, some lethal.

Front 9

Define: somatic mutations

Back 9

mutations that occur in body cells (cells that do not make gametes)

Front 10

Why are "somatic mutations" not passed on to future generations?

Back 10

Because they occur in body cells that do make gametes.

Front 11

Define: Germ mutations

Back 11

mutations that occur in gametes or the cells that form gametes

Front 12

Can "germ mutations" pass to future generations?

Back 12

Yes, because they occur in gametes or the cells that form gametes.

Front 13

Define: chromosomal change

Back 13

a change involving the number of chromosomes or the number or location of genes on a chromosome

Front 14

Name some human genetic disorders that are the result of gene mutations.

Back 14

(1) hemophilia (2) muscular dystrophy (3) cystic fibrosis

Front 15

Define: hemophilia

Back 15

"bleeder's disease" or the "disease of royalty" - Queen Victoria had it - blood does not have clotting chemicals

Front 16

Define: muscular dystrophy

Back 16

a disease where people lose control of their muscles

Front 17

Define: cystic fibrosis

Back 17

a disease that affects both the mucous glands and sweat glands of the body where thick, sticky mucus plugs the glands.

Front 18

Define: diploid

Back 18

having two sets of chromosomes

Front 19

Define: ploidy

Back 19

the number of sets of chromosomes

Front 20

Define: Down Syndrome

Back 20

A human disorder usually caused by a change in "ploidy" - People with Down Syndrom have three (rather than two) of some chromosomes. The people have lower than average mentailty, short stature, stubby hands and feet.

Front 21

Section 8A - Question 1
A __________ is a change in an organism's genetic makeup.

Back 21

mutation

Front 22

Section 8A - Question 2
What are mutations that result in death called?

Back 22

lethal mutations

Front 23

Section 8A - Question 3
Explain why somatic mutations are not passed on to the next generation.

Back 23

they occur in body cells (cells that do not make gametes)

Front 24

Section 8A - Question 4
Were all of Queen Victoria's children equally affected ty hemophilia? Explain

Back 24

No. one child had it; two were carriers.

Front 25

Section 8A - Question 5
What does "diploid" mean?

Back 25

two sets of chromosomes

Front 26

Section 8A - Question 6
What type of mutation usually causes Down syndrome?

Back 26

ploidy