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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the components of an information system?
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People, Hardware, Networks, Software, Databases, Information
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What is ftp? What is it used for?
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File Transfer Protocol- used for moving files between computers to which you have access
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What distinguishes blogging from normal HTML pages? Is a blog an HTML page? Is an HTML page a blog?
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A blog is an HTML page but an HTML page is not necessarily a blog, the difference is you don’t have to use HTML format to create a blog.
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What does it mean to participate in a social bookmarking site?
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To participate in a bookmarking site means to bookmark sites collectively on one page and share the sites with others. Saving bookmarks on the internet and being able to see others.
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What are the benefits and drawbacks of social bookmarking?
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Benefits are quick access to all your tagged sites, drawbacks include less privacy, other people can view your sites.
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What is a one-variable data table? Two variable data table?
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One-variable: specify one input cell and multiple result cells
Two-variable: specify two input cells and only one result cell |
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What is an RSS feed?
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A structured document that contains summaries of and pointers to news and blog items
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What is an RSS reader?
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An application that allows you to easily read RSS feeds
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What are the differences between what a search engine does and what a social bookmarking service does?
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A search engine automatically matches searched terms to documents while a social bookmarking site enables sharing of interest in specific web sites
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What are some benefits gained when moving from a RSS reader application based on your own computer to a Web-based RSS reader? There
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There is a lot more information and from other sources on a Web-based RSS reader.
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What is the difference between search and discovery?
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Search is looking for information about a specific topic, while Discovery is finding something that you did not know.
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Describe different measures of computing speed.
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FLOPS: Floating Point Operations Per Second (megaflops, giga, tera, peta)
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What does a processor do? What distinguishes one processor from another?
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A processor does actual calculations related to numbers, text, video, audio; some processors are dual-core, they have different numbers of transistors and are used for different things(i.e. corporate servers)
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What factors influence the speed of a computer?
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The kinds of operations a computer can perform and the different vendors, also the processor clock speed, bus speed, bus width, and memory speed
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What’s the relationship between the processor and the motherboard?
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The motherboard contains specialized chips such as video and audio processing
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What's a bus?
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The bus is communication between the microprocessor, RAM, and the peripherals
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What's Moore's Law?
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Moore's law says the number of transistors on an integrated circuit doubles every 18 months
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How can the speed of one computer be compared with the speed of another?
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Using benchmarks which are usually based on suite of applications
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What is a supercomputer?
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The largest and fastest computers
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What’s the difference between a bit and a byte?
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A bit is a binary digit (on=1; off=0) while a byte is a series of 8 of these digits
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What is a mainframe?
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A type of computer that provides centralized storage, processing, and management for large amounts of data
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What are three kinds of input devices?
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Keyboard, mouse, wireless pointer
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What are four features that distinguish one monitor from another?
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Screen size, graphics display, Resolution, and use of LCD technology
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What are different units of storage (or memory)?
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RAM which is active during the processing function, Virtual memory is the extra memory when all the RAM is used up, Read-Only Memory which is a permanent location containing instructions for booting up your computer, and CMOS which contains information about where the essential software is stored
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What’s the difference between volatile and non-volatile memory? What kind of memory is volatile?
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Volatile memory can be added to, while non-volatile memory can’t be touched. RAM is volatile, but ROM is not.
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What are the two types of files stored on a disk? What’s the difference between the two?
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There are executable files and data files: executable files contain instructions on how to perform a specific task, while data files are created by the users.
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What are the two different types of software?
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Application Software and System Software- makes hardware more usable
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Why does your computer have an operating system? What functions does it handle? Why do we care about what operating system a computer has?
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Operating systems handle simultaneous program execution, manage resources, file management, monitor performance and security, and provide tools for creating user interfaces
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What are the different ways in which a computer can handle simultaneous execution?
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Single program, multi-threading, multi-tasking, and multi-processing
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What is the relationship between software and open source software (OSS)?
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Open source software’s source code is available to everyone
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Can an operating system be open source?
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Yes, Linux
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Is it possible to make money with OSS?
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Yes because you can sell support and related services, accessories, etc…
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What is a database?
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A repository of structured business data which contains large volumes of data that many people may access
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What is a database management system? What are its components?
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Software that controls the creation, maintenance, and use of a database—makes it easier to manage large amounts of data stored on magnetic disk, components include data dictionary, data definition language, data manipulation language, database utilities, report generator
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What are the different parts of a data table?
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Attributes: fields/data items, Relation: table/file, Primary Key, Tuple: row/record, Attribute value
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What are the problems with flat file structure?
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insertions or adding new rows is difficult, updates, deletions
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What is the purpose of SQL?
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The standard language for defining and manipulating data in a relational database (standard query language)
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What is normalization?
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Normalization is the process of ensuring that every field in a table depends on the key and it eliminates problems of insertion, update and deletion
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What’s the purpose of building an ER diagram?
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Entity Relationships- tells you what tables, primary keys, and foreign keys you need and helps document the database
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What is prime key? What is a foreign key?
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A primary key is the category the table is based on, and a foreign key is a primary key of a table and non-key in another
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What is an ERP system?
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ERP software attempts to integrate all departments and functions across a company onto a single system
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What are the pros and cons of ERP software?
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Advantages: enterprise integration, built-in processes, better management information, reduced inventory; Disadvantages: must modify business to fit system, may lose competitive differentiation, may increase costs
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What lead to the development of integrated enterprise systems?
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New legal requirements, changes in level and kinds of competition, new technologies, new lines of business, need for better info and management reporting
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What is the purpose of the SDLC?
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Used to think about how to organize IS projects
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What are the steps in the SDLC?
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Investigation to Analysis, then software acquisition or design-programming-testing, then implementation and finally operation and maintenance
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What are the pros and cons of in-house development?
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Advantages can meet all user needs, software and experience are an asset, can control development process, can ensure compatibility, can adapt to changing needs, disadvantages: may take a long time, initial cost is higher, uncertain project outcome, in-house maintenance required
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What are the pros and cons of out source development?
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Advantages: staffing economies of scale, specialization
Disadvantages: lack of business expertise, contract problems, cost |
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What are some of the causes of failure of systems development projects?
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Lack of senior management oversight, lack of management support, underestimating resource needs, inadequate project control mechanisms, insufficient planning, requiring not well-defined, resistance to change
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What are the major risks associated with systems development projects?
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failure to obtain expected benefits, cost overruns, schedule slippage, poor technical performance
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What are the seven components of a computer network?
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computer hardware, networking hardware, media, communications software, protocols, providers, applications
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What is the difference between a router and a switch?
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A router connects networks and a switch connects computers and devices to form a LAN
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Understand how latency and bandwidth can be used to describe the speed of communication media
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latency is how quickly a particular bit can get from point A to point B. Bandwidth is the total number of bits you can move from point A to point B in a given time.
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What are a couple of examples of wired and wireless media
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Wired: optical fiber and coaxial cable
Wireless: wi-fi, bluetooth |
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What's the difference between a LAN and a WAN
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A LAN is local area network, a network where computers are within a single department or building; a WAN is a wide-area network, a network that covers several buildings or cities
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What is the difference between the internet and the web and which one is bigger
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The internet is a network of networks, the web is a collection of documents and applications accessible via the http protocol. The internet hosts the web among many other things, the internet is bigger.
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What is http used for
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http is used for sharing documents over the internet
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what does an IP address look like
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456.763.637.34
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What's a domain name?
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www.umich.edu; www.facebook.com
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what does a domain name server do?
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maintains table of domain names and related IP addresses, converts domain names to their IP addresses
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Label and point out parts of URL
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http=protocol, edu/com=top-level domain, www.umich=sub-domain, ~regoff=directory, /index.html=file
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Who owns and controls the internet?
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Nobody
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What's a client and what's a server
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client is the computer a person interacts with, usually responsible for data entry process. Server is not visible to the user, usually works on large processing jobs
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