Bisc 130 Posterior Abdominal Wall/abdominal Blood Supply Ii

Front 1

Are the kidneys intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?

Back 1

Retroperitoneal

Front 2

True or false: The left renal vein is usually shorter than the right.

Back 2

False; the right is usually shorter because the inferior vena cava is on the right.

Front 3

What three structures are found in the hilum of the kidney?

Back 3

1. Renal artery
2. Renal vein
3. Pelvis (narrows into the ureter)

Front 4

What are the basic parts of the renal pelvis?

Back 4

Major calices, minor calices, and renal pyramids (drain to ureter)

Front 5

What are the paired glands located at the superior pole of each kidney?

Back 5

Adrenal glands (suprarenals)

Front 6

What are the three great unpaired arteries off the abdominal aorta?

Back 6

Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric arteries

Front 7

What is the aortic hiatus?

Back 7

Where the aorta penetrates the diaphragm

Front 8

Which arteries branch off the splenic artery?

Back 8

The pancreatics, short gastrics, and left gastroepiploic arteries

Front 9

What three arteries branch off the celiac trunk?

Back 9

Left gastric, hepatic, and splenic arteries

Front 10

What arteries branch off the hepatic artery?

Back 10

Left and right hepatic, right gastric, and gastroduodenal arteries

Front 11

Where does the artery in the cystic triangle branch from?

Back 11

The cystic artery branches off the right hepatic artery.

Front 12

Where do the left and right gastroepiploic arteries come from?

Back 12

Right gastroepiploic branches from the gastroduodenal.
Left gastroepiploic comes from the splenic artery.

Front 13

What does the gastroduodenal artery turn into?

Back 13

Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Front 14

What arteries branch off the superior mesenteric artery?

Back 14

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal, intestinals, ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic arteries

Front 15

What arteries branch off the inferior mesenteric artery?

Back 15

Left colic (ascending and descending branches), sigmoidal, and superior rectal arteries

Front 16

What does the external iliac artery become?

Back 16

After crossing the inguinal ligament, becomes the femoral artery

Front 17

What are the branches off the internal iliac artery?

Back 17

Vesicle, middle rectal, uterine, vaginal, pudendal, gluteals, external genetalia, and inferior rectal arteries

Front 18

What does the pudendal artery supply?

Back 18

Floor of the trunk/perineum

Front 19

What arteries (from pudendal artery) supply the muscles of the floor of the pelvis?

Back 19

External genetalia and inferior rectal arteries

Front 20

What is the large fibromuscular expansion that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

Back 20

Diaphragm

Front 21

What innervates the diaphragm?

Back 21

Phrenic nerve (from rami C3, C4, and C5)

Front 22

How many openings does the diaphragm have? What transmits through those openings?

Back 22

3 openings:
1. Inferior vena cava
2. Esophagus and vagus nerves
3. Aorta and thoracic duct

Front 23

How does the diaphragm function in respiration?

Back 23

The diaphragm contracts in inspiration and relaxes in expiration

Front 24

True or false: The anterior diaphragm extends down more than the posterior because it attaches to the thoracic outlet.

Back 24

False; the posterior extends further down for that reason

Front 25

Quadratus lumborum

Back 25

Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: 12th rib, transverse processes L1-4
Action: Lateral flexion of lumbar vertebrae (pull ribcage down)
Innervation: Branches of ventral rami of L1-4

Front 26

Psoas major

Back 26

Tenderloin; fusiform

Origin: Upper 4 lumbar transverse processes, last thoracic and upper 4 lumbar discs and adjacent vertebrae
Insertion: Lesser trochanter (crosses hip joint)
Action: Flexor of hip joint and can flex vertebral column
Innervation: Branches of the ventral rami L2-4; sometimes femoral nerve branches

Front 27

Psoas minor

Back 27

Often absent and highly variable

Origin: Bodies of T12 and L1
Insertion: Iliopsoas fascia and pectineal line of ilium
Action: Flexor of the lumbar spine
Innervation: Ventral ramus of L1

Front 28

Iliacus

Back 28

Origin: Iliac fossa (below iliac crest)
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur
Action: Flexor of the hip joint
Innervation: Femoral nerve