Biomi 2900 Wk 7

Front 1

biogeochemcial cycling

Back 1

1. movement of chemicals and nutrients through biotic and abiotic compartments of Earth
2. nutrient recycling

Front 2

Different types of biogeochemcial cycles

Back 2

1. carbon
2. sulfur
3. hydrologic
4. phosphorous
5. iron

Front 3

Most oxidized compound

Back 3

CO2

Front 4

Most reduced compound?

Back 4

CH4

Front 5

wetland

Back 5

1. region that experiences seasonal changes in water level
2. feature many aspects of the global carbon cycle

Front 6

Describe: carbon cycle

Back 6

1. features reservoirs that store carbon in its various forms
2. connected to the hydrologic cycle (water cycle)8

Front 7

carbon reservoirs

Back 7

1. ocean and land largest open ones
2. atmosphere is minor reservoir

Front 8

Where is most of the carbon in the ocean?

Back 8

inorganic molecules

Front 9

Where is most of the carbon on land?

Back 9

in the crust

Front 10

What contributes to CO2 growth?

Back 10

1. human activity (fossil fuels and deforestation, indirectly through microbe decay of human remnants)
2. re-growth of vegetation counteracts CO2 accumulation
3. rise in global temperatures
4.

Front 11

eutrophication

Back 11

1. flowing water accumulates carbon based nutrients
2. microbes exploit influx by respiring at greater rates and depleting O2 levels

Front 12

Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)

Back 12

1. forms dead zones
2. respiring animals rapidly die off due to lack of dissolved O2
3. can be reduced by wastewater treatment

Front 13

secondary treatment

Back 13

1. microbial activity that decomposes organic material in the wastewater
2. compounds that resist degradation are anaerobically degraded at the end of the treatment.

Front 14

3 major compounds in the sulfur cycle

Back 14

1. H2S, S0, SO4 - 2
2. triangular process

Front 15

hydrothermal vents

Back 15

1. methanotrophy, methanogenesis, sulfate reduction, sulfide oxidation, iron oxidation, ntirogen cycle, tube worms
2. carbon fixed by lithotrophic mircoorganisms
3. interdependent relationships

Front 16

Describe: N2

Back 16

1. most available form of N in atmosphere
2. stable but inert
3. must be fixed in order for it to be used in living systems (fixed by microbes)

Front 17

Describe: Rhizobium bacteria

Back 17

1. fix nitrogen
2. form symbioses with legumes
3. attracted to roots by flavonoids
4. upon entry into the roots, they differentiate into bacteroid (where bacteroid fixes N2, and plant supplies nutrients)

Front 18

Describe: ammonium NH4+

Back 18

1. preferred by plants as nitrogen source over NO3-
2. one of the most important molecules of N2 cycle

Front 19

Describe: NO3-, nitrate

Back 19

1. oxidized form of Nitrogen
2. water soluabl
3. readily enter ground water (don't like negatively charged soil particles) and contaminate water

Front 20

Describe: Haber process

Back 20

1. produces ammonia (NH3) by reacting H2 and N2 using iron catalyst

Front 21

4 important pathways in N2 cycle

Back 21

1. Nitrogen fixation
2. Nitrification
3. Denitrification
4. Ammonification

Front 22

Nitrogen fixation

Back 22

1. N2 ==> NH4+
2. nitrogen gas converted into ammonium

Front 23

nitrification

Back 23

1. NH4+ ==> NO3-
2. ammonium is converted into nitrate

Front 24

denitrification

Back 24

1. NO3- ==> N2
2. nitrate is converted into nitrogen gas

Front 25

ammonification

Back 25

1. organic N ==> NH4+
2. organic nitrogen is converted into ammonium