Biomes

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Biomes

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The presence of similar plant growth forms in areas possessing similar temperature and precipitation patterns

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Tundra

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Cold, treeless biomes with low-growing vegtation. In winter the soil in completely frozen. Growing season is very short, about 4 months during the summer

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Boreal forest

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Forests made up primarily of coniferous evergreen trees that can tolerate cold winters and short growing seasons. Very cold climate and plant growth is more constrained by temp. than precipitation. Soil is nutrient poor due to slow decomposition

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Temperate rainforest

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Moderate temps. and high precipitation typify the temperate rainforest. 12 month growing seasons where winters are rainy and summers are foggy. Ocean currents help moderate temp fluctuations and mild temps. And high precipitation support the growth of very large trees

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Temperate seasonal forest

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Recieve over 1m(39 in.) Of precipitation annually. Dominated by broadleaf deciduous trees. Warmer summer temps favor decomposition so soils generally contain more nutrients than those of boreal forests

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Woodland/Shrubland

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Hot,dry summers and mild, rainy winters. 12 month growing seasons but plant growth is restrained by low precipitin in summer and by low temps in winter. Wildfires are common and plants are well adapted to fire and drought

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Temperate grassland/cold desert

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Cold, harsh winters and hot, dry summers. Lowest average annual precipitation of any temp. biome. Plant growth is constrained by both insufficient precipitation in summer and cold temps. in winter

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Tropical rainforest

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Tropics, annual temp. Exceed 20C. Precipitation occurs frequently and is warm and wet with little temp. variation. More diversity per hectare than any other terrestrial biome contain up to two thirds of Earth's terrestrial species

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Tropical seasonal forest/savanna

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Warm temps. and distinct wet and dry seasons. Soil is fairly fertile and can be farmed due to high decomposition rates, but low amount of precipitation constrains plants from using the soil nutrients that are released. Grass and scattered deciduous trees are common

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Subtropical Desert

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Hot temps and extremely dry conditions. Found at 30 N. And S. Cacti, euphorbs and succulent plants are well adapted to this biome.

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Streams and rivers

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Flowing fresh water that may originate from underground springs or as runoff from rain or melting snow.

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Lakes and ponds

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Standing water that some of which is too deep to support emergent vegtation.

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Littoral zone

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Shallow area of soil and water near the shore where algae and emergent plants grow.

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Limnetic zone

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Open water, where rooted plants can no longer survive.

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Profundal zone

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Zone where sunlight cannot penetrate and therefore producers cannot survive

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Benthic zone

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The muddy bottom of a lake or bond beneath the limnetic and profundal zone

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Freshwater wetlands

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Aquatic biomes that are submerged or saturated by water for at least part of each year, but shallow enough to support emergent vegetation. Include swamps, marshes, and bogs

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Salt marsh

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Most productive biome in the world, found along the coast in temperate climates and contain non woody emergent vegetation

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Mangrove swamps

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Found along tropical and subtropical coasts and contain trees whose roots are submerged in water

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Interdial zone

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Narrow band of coastline that exists between the levels of high tide an low tide

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Coral reefs

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Found in warm, shallow water beyond the shoreline. Earth's most diverse marine biome.

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Photic zone

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Zone that recieve enough light to allow photosynthesis to occur

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Aphotic zone

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The deeper water that lacks sufficient light for photosynthesis