Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Hematology is the study of
|
Blood and Blood Disorder
|
|
Blood Disorders include (4)
|
anemia,
bleeding/thrombophilia malignancy infection |
|
__________ is the best way to understand and characterize hematologic disorders
|
Analysis of Lab Tests
|
|
The two most common indices of hematology labs are:
|
CBC and coagulation
|
|
CBC provides the following info (5):
|
WBC
Hbg Hct Plt MCV |
|
WBC is a reflection of
|
immune comptenence
|
|
Hgb is a reflection of
|
oxygen-carrying capacity
|
|
Hct is a reflection of
|
total red cell mass in the blood
|
|
Platelet cound is a reflection of
|
clotting capacity
|
|
MCV is a reflection of:
|
red cell mass
|
|
Normal lab values for Hgb:
|
14-18 g/dl (male)
12-16 g/dl (female) |
|
Normal lab values for Hct:
|
42-52% (male)
37-47% (female) |
|
Normal lab values for WBC:
|
4.5-11,000
|
|
Normal lab values for platelet:
|
150-400,000
|
|
Normal lab values for MCV:
|
76-96
|
|
One of the most common uses of the CBC is:
|
to assess a pt oxygen carrying capacity by studing red cell indicies
|
|
A decrease in red cell mass:
|
anemia
|
|
An increase in red cell mass:
|
polycythemia
|
|
__________ is defined as decreased red cell mass leading to decreased oxygen delivery
|
anemia
|
|
Clinical findings of anemia (4):
|
pallor
weakness Fatigue upon easy exertion; sometimes with chest pain Tachy and occasionally hypotension |
|
Pt may tolerate very low ______ without symptoms
|
Hct
|
|
In general, pt with Hct of ____ are considered to have severe anemia and are ususally symptomatic
|
<20%
|
|
Anemia is classified into these three groups that are related to size of red cells:
|
Microcytic: MCV<75
Normocytic: MCV 76-96 Macrocytic: MCV>96 |
|
Pt with decreased Hgb/Hct and MCV<76 have _________ anemia
|
Microcytic
|
|
There are three types of Microcytic anemia:
|
Iron deficiency
Anemia related to chronic illness Anemial due to disorders of hemoglobin synthesis |
|
Tx of iron deficiency anemia is done in two steps:
|
1) supplement to increase iron
2) find the caues of the iron deficiency |
|
It is crucial to rule out _______ and _________ as the cause of iron deficient anemia
|
tumor and chronic bleeding
|
|
Almost any _______ ________ can be the cause of Microcytic anemia.
|
chronic disease
(ie autoimmune disease, chronic malignancies, infections like TB) |
|
When pt have anemia of chronic disease, the patho is not well understood. In these pts, lab studies of iron stores may normal. These anemias usually resolve once the _______ _______ is treated.
|
underlying disease
|
|
Microcytic anemia of hemoglobin synthesis are caused by ______ or _______ disorders of hemoglobin synthesis.
|
congenital or acquired
|
|
Congenital hemoglobin synthesis error is from:
|
alpha and beta thalassemia
|
|
Acquired hemoglobin synthesis error is caused by:
|
lead poisoning
|
|
In congenital diseases (Micro anemia-Hgb synthsis error), there are _______ ________ which cause abnormal and poorly functioning hemoglobin molecules to be synthesized
|
genetic mutations
|
|
In acquired (Micro anemia-Hgb synthesis error), heavy metals like_______ can displace ______ from the heme molecule and lead to the formaion of poorly functioning Hgb molecules.
|
lead, iron
|