Biomechanics Test 2

Front 1

The force-velocity relationship implies which of the following?

Back 1

None of the above

Front 2

What is the anatomical name for the big toe?

Back 2

Hallux

Front 3

Which of the following is an example of static situation?

Back 3

Femoral valgus & tibial varus

Front 4

Which of the following is/are characteristics of muscle fatigue?

Back 4

All of the above (reduction-muscle force, reduction-shortening velocity, prolonged relaxation)

Front 5

What is/are the purpose(s) of the patella?

Back 5

All of the above

Front 6

What type of muscle contraction is employed by the elbow flexors when slowly lowering your backpack to your desk?

Back 6

Eccentric

Front 7

Which type of muscle could serve as an antagonist of a flexor?

Back 7

Extensor

Front 8

Which of the following inserts on the patella?

Back 8

•Quadriceps

Front 9

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments limit which type of knee movement?

Back 9

Both A & B (Knee hyperextension forward, Backward sliding of femur)

Front 10

The humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar joints are the three articulations present at which joint?

Back 10

Elbow

Front 11

Which of the following is not true about the menisci in the knee joint?

Back 11

All of the above (made of cartilage, larger surface area to distribute load, absorb shock)

Front 12

During kicking and follow-through phases of a punt, the quads are experiencing what type of contraction?

Back 12

Concentric

Front 13

The strong layer of fibrous tissue which covers the planter muscles of the foot is called what?

Back 13

Plantar Fascia

Front 14

Overuse of the wrist extensors can cause what?

Back 14

All of the above

Front 15

Which of the following does not characterize a pennate muscle?

Back 15

All of the above are true

Front 16

Pronation and Supination of the forearm occur a which of the following joints?

Back 16

• Proximal Radioulnar
• Distal Radioulnar

Front 17

Which of the following statements is/are true?

Back 17

Both A & B are true (Pennate muscles are capable of producing more tension per unit of crossing-sectional area than parallel muscles)

Front 18

The medial and lateral collateral ligaments limit which type of knee motion?

Back 18

Lateral knee motion

Front 19

19. The opposite muscular endurance is what?

Back 19

• Muscular fatigability

Front 20

20. Which of the following is not a rotator cuff muscle?

Back 20

• Teres major

Front 21

21. Which muscles originate distal to the wrist and insert distal to the wrist?

Back 21

• Intrinsic

Front 22

22. In human skeletal muscle, force generation capability is highest in which of the following conditions?

Back 22

• Muscle is slightly lengthened

Front 23

23. During the down phase of a knee extension exercise, what role does the hamstring group play?

Back 23

• Antagonist

Front 24

24. The hip joint is the articulation between the ________ and the_______.

Back 24

• Femur & Accetabulum

Front 25

25. The acromion process is a landmark on which bone?

Back 25

• Scapula

Front 26

26. Throwing injuries to the elbow usually fall into which category?

Back 26

• Chronic

Front 27

27. A single muscle cell is called what?

Back 27

• Fiber

Front 28

28. Which behavioral property of muscle tissue is defined as “the ability to respond to a stimulus?”

Back 28

• Irritability

Front 29

29. Which of the following is true regarding the stretch-shortening cycle?

Back 29

• All of the above

Front 30

30. Muscle hypertrophy in humans is primarily due to what?

Back 30

• Increase in size of muscle fibers

Front 31

31. Which of the following is true about the rotator cuff muscles?

Back 31

• They work together to hold the head of the humerus in glenoid fossa

Front 32

32. Which of the following causes hip abduction?

Back 32

• All of the above (gluteus medius)

Front 33

33. A muscle directly involved in causing a segment to move is called what?

Back 33

• Agonist

Front 34

34. Which of the following causes hip adduction?

Back 34

• All of the above a.) adducter magnus b.) adductor longus c.) gracilis

Front 35

35. Which of the following is a unique behavioral property of muscle tissue?

Back 35

• Ability to develop tension

Front 36

36. Which of the following most accurately describes a motor unit?

Back 36

• A single motor neuron and all muscle fibers it innervates

Front 37

37. The large range of movement of the thumb compared to that of the fingers is derived from the structure of which of the following?

Back 37

• The thumb’s carpometacarpal joint

Front 38

38. Which of the following statements is true?

Back 38

• When movement is slow, slow twitch fibers are recruited first

Front 39

39. Which of the following secretes synovial fluid to lesson the friction between soft tissues around joints?

Back 39

• Bursae

Front 40

40. When an opposing torque at a joint is greater than the torque created by a muscle, what type of contraction occurs in that muscle?

Back 40

• Eccentric

Front 41

41. Which of the following is not a hamstring muscle?

Back 41

• Gluteus maximus

Front 42

42. Metacarpophalangeal joints 2-5 are what type of joints?

Back 42

• Condyloid

Front 43

43. Which of the following time periods is termed electomechanical delay?

Back 43

• The time required for the muscle to initiate the development of tension after receipt of the nerve impulse

Front 44

44. Scapulohumeral rhythm involves of the scapula and of the humerous?

Back 44

• Upward rotation, abduction

Front 45

45. Which of the following statements is true regarding ACL injuries?

Back 45

• Occur more frequently during non-contact

Front 46

46. Which joint in the body has the most range of motion?

Back 46

• Glenohumeral

Front 47

47. Movement of the hand at the wrist toward the thumb side of the arm(frontal plane) is known as which of the following?

Back 47

• Radial deviation

Front 48

48. Runner’s knee is associated with which of the following structures?

Back 48

• Iliotibial band

Front 49

49. Which of the following does not bear weight?

Back 49

• Fibula

Front 50

50. Which of the following is true about carpal tunnel syndrome?

Back 50

• It is a neurological impairment
• It is associated with repetitive keyboard use

Front 51

51. Where is the series elastic component (SEC) of a muscle found?

Back 51

• Tendons

Front 52

52. Patellofemoral pain syndrome is likely associated with what?

Back 52

• Weakness of vastus medialis relative to vastus lateralis

Front 53

53. Which of the following statements represents the force-velocity relationship for muscle tissue?

Back 53

• Contraction is slower when the load is heavier

Front 54

54. Where is the weakest point of the femur?

Back 54

• Neck

Front 55

55. Which of the following is the most common of all knee injuries?

Back 55

• Tear of the medial meniscus

Front 56

56. What muscles are most often associated with little leaguer’s elbow?

Back 56

• Wrist flexors

Front 57

57. Which knee ligament is most likely to be damaged from a lateral blow?

Back 57

• Medial collateral

Front 58

58. Which of the following does not attach to the calcaneus?

Back 58

• Sartorius

Front 59

59. Lateral deviations in spinal curvature are called what?

Back 59

• Scoliosis

Front 60

60. Which part of the vertebrae bears the most weight?

Back 60

• body

Front 61

61. Which of the following vertebral regions has the best range of motion?

Back 61

• Cervical

Front 62

62. Which of the following are potential consequences of spiral fractures?

Back 62

• Paralysis
• Death

Front 63

63. The spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae inhibit movement in which plane?

Back 63

• sagittal

Front 64

64. The most superior cervical vertebrae is called what?

Back 64

• Atlas

Front 65

65. Which statement is not true about the intervertebral discs?

Back 65

• All of the above are true (act as cushions between the vertebrae, account for approximately ¼ of the height of the spine, are responsible for spinal movement due to compression)

Front 66

66. Which of the following helps the spine absorb shock?

Back 66

• All of the above (spinal curves, intervertebral discs)

Front 67

67. The condition of exaggerated thoracic curvature is known as which of the following?

Back 67

• Kphosis

Front 68

68. Which vertebrae are the largest?

Back 68

• Lumbar

Front 69

69. Attachment to the ribs limits range of motion in which vertebrae?

Back 69

• thoracic

Front 70

70. What musculoskeletal problem causes the most absences from work?

Back 70

Low back pain

Front 71

71. Movement of the spine occurs in which plane(s)?

Back 71

• All of the above (sagittal, frontal, transverse)

Front 72

72. What is the most common type of vertebral fracture?

Back 72

• Stress fracture of the pars interarticularis

Front 73

73. What is the result when part of the nucleus pulposus of the disc protrudes and presses on a nerve?

Back 73

• Herniated disc

Front 74

74. Which of the following is an example of a static situation?

Back 74

• A cyclist riding at a constant velocity
• A person balancing motionless on one foot

Front 75

75. What injury can occur when the neck undergoes sudden acceleration and deceleration (such as in a car accident)?

Back 75

• Whiplash

Front 76

76. Which abdominal muscles cause rotation to the left?

Back 76

• Left internal oblique
• Right external oblique

Front 77

77. In which of the following activities does the biceps brachii function as antagonists?

Back 77

• Straightening the elbow during a push-up

Front 78

78. Which of the following term best describes the rate of torque production at the joint?

Back 78

• Muscular power

Front 79

79. In anatomical position, where is the center of gravity located relative to the spine?

Back 79

Anterior

Front 80

80. Which of the following muscles serves to “unlock” the knee from full extension?

Back 80

• popliteus

Front 81

81. A contraction in which there is not a change in length is called what?

Back 81

Isometric

Front 82

82. Which of the following is not true about lordosis?

Back 82

• Can be caused by poor abdominal flexibility

Front 83

83. Which of the following groups are vulnerable to carpal tunnel syndrome?

Back 83

• Jobs requiring repeated forceful wrist flexion
• Jobs requiring habitual resting of the arms on the palmar sides of the wrist

Front 84

84. Which of the following does not characterize a pinnate muscle?

Back 84

• Fibrs parallel to long axis of muscle

Front 85

85. Which of the following factors provides stability at the elbow?

Back 85

• The articulating bones
• Ligaments

Front 86

86. Symptoms of plantar fascitis include which of the following?

Back 86

• Pain in the arch
• Pain in the heel

Front 87

87. Which of the following muscles is not an elbow flexor?

Back 87

• Triceps

Front 88

88. Sprains occur in which type of tissue?

Back 88

Ligaments

Front 89

89. Which of the following is the most typical cause of ankle sprain?

Back 89

• Forced inversion of the ankle during landing while the foot is plantar flexed

Front 90

90. The torque of a muscle (rotary component) is greatest in what position?

Back 90

• When the moment arm is longest
• When the muscle insertion is 90* to the bone

Front 91

91. When the wrist is flexed, the finger flexors cannot produce as tight a fist as when the wrist is in a neutral position, this is an example of what?

Back 91

• Active insufficiency

Front 92

92. Astronauts who travel out of the earth’s gravitational field have experienced which of the following?

Back 92

reduced strength

Front 93

93. The elasticity of human skeletal muscle tissue is believed to be due primarily to which of the following?

Back 93

• The series elastic component (SEC)

Front 94

94. Which of the following is/are characteristics of fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fibers?

Back 94

• Fatique rate is intermediate (faster than type I, but slower than type IIB)

Front 95

95. When the legs are not free to move, what action will result form contraction of the hip flexors?

Back 95

• Anterior pelvic tilt