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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mechanics
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the branch of physics that
deals with forces and the motion they create |
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rigid body
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mechanical simplification
(abstraction) assuming the dimensions of an object do not change during movement or loading |
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fluid
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a substance, like water or gasses, that flows when acted upon by shear forces
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deformable body
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biomechanical model that documents the forces and deformations in an object as it is loaded
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rigid body is divided into:
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static and dynamic
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static
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the branch of mechanics that
studies bodies at rest or in uniform motion |
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dynamic
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the branch of mechanics studying the motion of bodies under acceleration
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dynamics is divided into two brances
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kinematics and kinetics
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kinematics
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the branch of mechanics that
describes the motion of objects relative to some frame of reference |
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kinetics
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the branch of mechanics that
explains the causes of motion |
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inertia
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the property of all matter to resist a change in its state of motion
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mass
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the resistance of an object to linear acceleration
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weight
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the downward (vertical) force
action on an object due to gravity |
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vector
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a complex quantity requiring
description of size and direction |
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scalar
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simple quantity completely defined by a single number (magnitude)
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force
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a push, pull, or tendency to distort between two bodies
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moment (moment of force, torque)
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rotating effect of a force
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force motion principle
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unbalanced forces are acting
whenever one creates or modifies the movement of objects |
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force time principle
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the time over which force is applied to an object affects the motion of that object
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balance principle
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the stability and mobility of a body position are inversely related
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coordination continuum
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movements requiring generation of high forces tend to utilize simultaneous segmental movements, while
lower-force and high-speed movements tend to use sequential movements |
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range of motion principle
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the amount of linear and angular motion used will affect the speed and accuracy of human movement
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segmental interaction principle
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forces acting in a system of
linked rigid bodies can be transferred through the links |
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optimial projection principle
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there are ranges of optimal
angles for projecting objects to achieve certain goals |
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spin principle
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spin is put on a projectile to affect trajectory or bounce
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Hooke's Law
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force and displancement of torque
torque=forceXperpendicular distance |
