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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Taxonomy |
The science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms. |
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Genus |
A level of classification that contains similar species. |
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Binomial Nomenclature |
A system for giving each organism a two-word scientific name that consists of the genus name followed by the species name. |
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Phylogeny |
The evolutionary history of a species or taxonomic group. |
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Cladistics |
A phylogeny can classification system that uses shared derived characters and ancestry as the sole criterion for grouping taxa. |
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Bacteria |
Single-called organisms that usually have a cell wall and that usually reproduce by cell division:Domain=Bacteria |
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Archaea |
Prokaryotes that are distinguished from other prokaryotes by differences in their genetics and in the makeup of their cell wall:Domain=Archaea |
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Eukaryote |
An organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclose by a membrane, multiple chromosomes, and a mitosis cycle:Domain=Eukarya |
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Microsphere |
A hollow microscopic spherical structure that is usually composed of proteins or a synthetic polymer. |
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Ribozyme |
A type of RNA that can act as an enzyme. |
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Fossil Record |
The history of life in the geologic past as indicated by the traces or remains of living things. |
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Relative Dating |
A method of determining whether an event or object , such as a fossil, is older than other events or objects. |
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Radiometric Dating |
A method of determining the absolute age of an object, often by comparing the relative percentages of a radioactive (parent) isotope and a stable (daughter) isotope. |
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Half-life |
The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to decay. |
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Geologic Time Scale |
The standard method used to divide Earth's long natural history into manageable parts. |
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Mass Extinction |
An episode during which large numbers of species become extinct. |
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Cyanobacteria |
Bacteria that carry out photosynthesis. |
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Endosymbiosis |
A mutually beneficial relationship in which one organism lives within another. |
