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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The transport of dissolved substances into cells
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Absorption
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The breakdown of absorbed substances.
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Digestion
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The breakdown of food molecules with a release of energy.
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Respiration
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The removal of soluable waste materials.
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Excretion
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The removal of non-soluable waste material
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Egestion
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The release of biosynthesized substances.
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Secretion
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Maintaining the status quo.
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Homeostasis
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Producing more cells.
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Reproduction
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Study of cells.
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Cytology
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A rigid structure on the outside of plant and bacteria cells.
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Cell Wall
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The thin film between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells.
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Middle Lamella
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The semi-permeable membrane between the cell contents and either the cell wall or the cell's surroundings.
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Plasma Membrane
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A jelly-like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended.
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Cytoplasm
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substances in which at least one atom has an imbalance of protons and electrons.
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Ions
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The motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell's contents.
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Cytoplasmic Streaming
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The organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy.
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Mitochondria
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The organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down proteins, polysacchrides, disaccharides and some lipids.
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Lysosome
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Non-membrane bound organelles responsible for protein systhesis.
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Ribosomes
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An organelle composed of an extensive network of folded memb ranes that performs several tasks within a cell.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum
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ER that is dotted with ribosomes.
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Rough ER
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ER that has no ribosomes.
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Smooth ER
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The organelles in which proteins and lipids are stores and modified to suit the needs of the cell.
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Golgi Bodies
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Organelles that store starches or oils.
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Leucoplasts
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Organelles that contain pigments used in photosynthesis.
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Chromoplasts
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A large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution that contains a high concentration of soludes.
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Central Vacuole
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Vacuoles that contain the wasted products of digestion.
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Waste Vacuoles
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The process by which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells.
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Phagocytosis
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A vacuole that holds the matter which a cell engulfs.
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Phagocytic Vacuole
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Vesicle formed at the plasma membrane to allow the absorption of large molecules.
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Pinocytic Vesicle
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A vesicle that holds secretion products so that they can be transported to the plasma membrane and released.
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Secretion Vesicle
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Spiral strands of protein molecules that form a tube-like structure.
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Microtubules
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A highly porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
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Nuclear Membrane
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Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell.
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Chromatin
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A network of fibers that holds a cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape and aids in movement.
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Cytoskeleton
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Fine threadlike protein found in the cell's cytoskeleton.
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Microfilaments
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Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments.
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Intermediate Filaments
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A lipid in which one of the fatty acid molecules has been replaced by a molecule that contains a phosphate group.
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Phospholipid
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Movement of molecules through the plasma membrane according to the dictates of osmosis or diffusion.
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Passive transport
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Movement of molecules through the plasma membrane typically opposite the dictates of osmosis or diffusion, aided by a process that requires energy.
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Active transport
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A solution in which the concentration of soludes is essentill equal to that of the cell that resides in the solution.
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Isotonic solution
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A solution in which the concentration of soludes in greater than that of the cell which resides in the solution.
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Hypertonic solution
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Collapse of a walled cell's cytoplasm due to lack of water.
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Plasmolysis
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The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure.
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Cytolosis
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A solution in which the concentration of soludes is less than that of the cell which resides in the solution.
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Hypotonic solution
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Energy necessary to get a chemical reation going.
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Activation energy
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