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45 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The transport of dissolved substances into cells
Absorption
The breakdown of absorbed substances.
Digestion
The breakdown of food molecules with a release of energy.
Respiration
The removal of soluable waste materials.
Excretion
The removal of non-soluable waste material
Egestion
The release of biosynthesized substances.
Secretion
Maintaining the status quo.
Homeostasis
Producing more cells.
Reproduction
Study of cells.
Cytology
A rigid structure on the outside of plant and bacteria cells.
Cell Wall
The thin film between the cell walls of adjacent plant cells.
Middle Lamella
The semi-permeable membrane between the cell contents and either the cell wall or the cell's surroundings.
Plasma Membrane
A jelly-like fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended.
Cytoplasm
substances in which at least one atom has an imbalance of protons and electrons.
Ions
The motion of cytoplasm in a cell that results in a coordinated movement of the cell's contents.
Cytoplasmic Streaming
The organelles in which nutrients are converted to energy.
Mitochondria
The organelle in animal cells responsible for hydrolysis reactions that break down proteins, polysacchrides, disaccharides and some lipids.
Lysosome
Non-membrane bound organelles responsible for protein systhesis.
Ribosomes
An organelle composed of an extensive network of folded memb ranes that performs several tasks within a cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
ER that is dotted with ribosomes.
Rough ER
ER that has no ribosomes.
Smooth ER
The organelles in which proteins and lipids are stores and modified to suit the needs of the cell.
Golgi Bodies
Organelles that store starches or oils.
Leucoplasts
Organelles that contain pigments used in photosynthesis.
Chromoplasts
A large vacuole that rests at the center of most plant cells and is filled with a solution that contains a high concentration of soludes.
Central Vacuole
Vacuoles that contain the wasted products of digestion.
Waste Vacuoles
The process by which a cell engulfs foreign substances or other cells.
Phagocytosis
A vacuole that holds the matter which a cell engulfs.
Phagocytic Vacuole
Vesicle formed at the plasma membrane to allow the absorption of large molecules.
Pinocytic Vesicle
A vesicle that holds secretion products so that they can be transported to the plasma membrane and released.
Secretion Vesicle
Spiral strands of protein molecules that form a tube-like structure.
Microtubules
A highly porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
Nuclear Membrane
Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell.
Chromatin
A network of fibers that holds a cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape and aids in movement.
Cytoskeleton
Fine threadlike protein found in the cell's cytoskeleton.
Microfilaments
Threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments.
Intermediate Filaments
A lipid in which one of the fatty acid molecules has been replaced by a molecule that contains a phosphate group.
Phospholipid
Movement of molecules through the plasma membrane according to the dictates of osmosis or diffusion.
Passive transport
Movement of molecules through the plasma membrane typically opposite the dictates of osmosis or diffusion, aided by a process that requires energy.
Active transport
A solution in which the concentration of soludes is essentill equal to that of the cell that resides in the solution.
Isotonic solution
A solution in which the concentration of soludes in greater than that of the cell which resides in the solution.
Hypertonic solution
Collapse of a walled cell's cytoplasm due to lack of water.
Plasmolysis
The rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure.
Cytolosis
A solution in which the concentration of soludes is less than that of the cell which resides in the solution.
Hypotonic solution
Energy necessary to get a chemical reation going.
Activation energy