Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Karyotype
|
*a picture of chromosomes arranged in this way is known as a karyotype.
|
|
|
Sex chromosomes
|
*2 of the 46 chromosomes determine an individuals's sex.
|
|
|
autosomes
|
*the remaining 44 chromosomes are known as autosomal chromosomes.
|
|
|
pedigree
|
*shows the relationship within a family.
|
|
|
Geonotype
|
**used by family counselors to ananlyze pedigreee charts.
|
|
|
polygenic
|
*traits that are controlled by many genes.
|
|
|
Recessive alleles
|
*many genes have become known through the study of genetic disorders.
|
|
|
Autosomal recessive alleles
|
*the cause of many disorders.
|
|
|
dominant alleles
|
*effects of dominant alleles are expressed even when the recessive is present.
|
|
|
cystic fibrosis
|
*most common allele that causes cystic fibrosis is missing 3 DNA BASES.
|
|
|
What is the characterics of cystic fibrosis?
|
*found in African Americans
*bent and twisted shape of the red blood cell **1 DNA base is changed *causes a thick, heavy mucus that clogs their lungs and breathing passageways. |
|
|
What causes genetic disorders?
|
*Mutations in the DNA causes genetic diseases.
|
|
|
How are mutations passed on to their offspring?
|
*through gametes
|
|
|
Genetic disorders
|
*cause by mutations in DNA
*passed on to offspring through gametes *abnormal number of chromosomes |
|
|
Genetic engineering
|
*biologist make changes in the DNA OF A LIVING ORGANISM
|
|
|
Transgenic Organisms
|
*CONTAINS GENES FROM OTHER SPECIES
|
|
|
What is Cloning?
|
*a member of a population of genetically identical cells produced from a single cell.
|
|
|
What was the first clone?
|
* a sheep, named Dolly
|
|
|
What 3 things have transgenic bacteria been used to produce?
|
1.insulin
2. growth hormone 3. clotting factor |
|
|
How have transgenic animals been used?
|
1. improve food supply
2.mice have been produced with human genes that make their immune system similar to humans which allows scientist to study the effects of diseases. |
|
|
What is down's syndrome?
|
*known as a trisomy, 3 copies of chromosome 21
|
