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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Heredity
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passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring
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Genectics
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branch of biology that studies heredity
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traits
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characteristics that are inherited
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gametes
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sex cells
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fertilization
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uniting of male and female gametes
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pollination
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the transer of the male pollen grains to the female organ of a flower
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alleles
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different gene formed
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dominant
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observed trait
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recessive
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trait that disappear
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law of segregation
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principal explaning the disappearance of specific trait, and is passed down
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phenotype
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the way an organism looks and behaves
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genotype
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gene combination an organism contains
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homozygous
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two alleles for traits are the same
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heterozygous
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two alleles for traits are different
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dihyprid cross
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a cross involving two different traits
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law of independent assortment
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genes for different traits
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incomplete dominance
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phenotype of heterosygot is intermediate between those of two homozygous
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codominant alleles
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cause the phenotypes of both homosygotes to be produced in heterosygote individuals
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multiple alleles
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traits controlled by more than two alleles
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autosomes
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22 pairs of matching homeologous chromosomes, cant be on the 23rd
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sex chromosomes
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two chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
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sex-linked traits
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traits contolled by genes located on sex chromosomes
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pologenic inheritance
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the inheritance pattern of a trait that is controlled by two or more genes
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testcross
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a cross of an individual of unknown genotype with an individual of known genotype to determine the unknown genotype
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carrier
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heterozyous, one big one little, has the recessive trait
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pedigree
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a graphic representation of an individuals family tree, whcih premits patterns of ingeritance to be recongnized
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inbredding
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mating between closely related individuals
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hybrids
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two varieties of closely related speciesare crossed, their offspring
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