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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
substance that can't be broken down into simpler chemical substances.
element
smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element; basic building block of all matter.
atom
the center of an atom
nucleus
atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus.
isotope
substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined.
compound
chemical bond formed when two atoms combine by sharing electrons.
covalent bond
group of atoms held together by covalent bonds; has no overall charge.
molecule
atom or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons; has a positive or negative electrical charge.
ion
chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between two ions of oppisite charge.
ionic bond
all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism.
metabolism
combination of substances in which individual components do not combine chemically and retain their own properties.
mixture
mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance.
solution
measure of how low acidic or basic a solution is; the scale ranges from 0 to 14; solution with pH or 7 is neutral; above 7, basic, and below 7, acidic.
pH
any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water has a pH below 7.
acid
any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water and has a pH above 7.
base
molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end.
polar molecule
weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms.
hydrogen bond
result of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particles but no overall change in concentration.
dynamic equilirium
net, random movement of particels from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, enentually resulting in even distribution.
diffusion