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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
substance that can't be broken down into simpler chemical substances.
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element
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smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element; basic building block of all matter.
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atom
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the center of an atom
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nucleus
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atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus.
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isotope
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substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined.
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compound
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chemical bond formed when two atoms combine by sharing electrons.
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covalent bond
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group of atoms held together by covalent bonds; has no overall charge.
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molecule
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atom or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons; has a positive or negative electrical charge.
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ion
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chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between two ions of oppisite charge.
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ionic bond
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all of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism.
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metabolism
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combination of substances in which individual components do not combine chemically and retain their own properties.
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mixture
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mixture in which one or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance.
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solution
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measure of how low acidic or basic a solution is; the scale ranges from 0 to 14; solution with pH or 7 is neutral; above 7, basic, and below 7, acidic.
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pH
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any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water has a pH below 7.
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acid
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any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water and has a pH above 7.
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base
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molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end.
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polar molecule
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weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms.
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hydrogen bond
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result of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particles but no overall change in concentration.
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dynamic equilirium
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net, random movement of particels from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, enentually resulting in even distribution.
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diffusion
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