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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Karyptype |
micrograph of the complete diploid set of chromosmes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size |
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Chromosome |
threadlike structure within the nucleus that contains genetic information that is passed from one generation to the next |
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Centromere |
region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attack |
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Haploid |
term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of genes |
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diploid |
term used to refer to a cell that contains two sets of homologous chromosomes |
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autosomes |
chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; also called autosomal chromosome |
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sex chromosomes |
one of two chromosomes that determines an individual sex |
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centriole |
structure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division |
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spindle |
composed of microtubules, that form near the cell nucleus during mitosis or meiosis |
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cell division |
process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells |
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cell cycle |
series of events in which a cell grows, prepares for division, and divides to form two daughter cells |
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mitosis |
part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides |
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meiosis |
process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell |
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tetrad |
structure containing four chromatids that forms during meiosis |
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crossing-over |
process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis |
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homologous chromosomes |
term used to refer to chromosomes in which one set comes from the male parent and one set comes from the female parent |
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gamete cell |
sex cell |
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somatic cell |
body cell |
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asexual reproduction |
process of reproduction involving a single parent that results in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
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sexual reproduction |
type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form that first cell of a new organism |
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genetic recombinations |
When the DNA is shuffled |
