Biology Unit 4- Population

Front 1

What is population density?

Back 1

The number of individuals per unit area.

Front 2

What is the age structure of a population?

Back 2

The number of males and females of each age that a population contains.

Front 3

What is immigration?

Back 3

The movement of organisms into an area.

Front 4

What is emigration?

Back 4

The movement of organisms out of an area (exiting).

Front 5

What is exponential growth?

Back 5

The larger a population gets, the faster it grows.

Front 6

What is logistic growth?

Back 6

S-shape; occurs when a population's growth slows and then stops, following a period of exponential growth.

Front 7

What is carrying capacity?

Back 7

The maximum number of individuals of a particular species that a particular environment can support.

Front 8

What is a limiting factor?

Back 8

A factor that controls the growth of a population; either density dependent or density independent.

Front 9

What is density-dependent? Examples?

Back 9

Factor that depends on the size of a population.
Ex: Parasites, competition, predation, disease, and stress.

Front 10

What is density-independent? Examples?

Back 10

Factors that do not depend on the size of a population.
Ex: Hurricanes, droughts, floods, natural disasters (wildfire) etc.

Front 11

What is demography?

Back 11

It examines the characteristics of human populations and attempts to explain how those populations will change over time.

Front 12

What is the demographic transition?

Back 12

Going from a high birth rate and high death rate, to a low birth rate and low death rate.

Front 13

What is a source?

Back 13

Where pollution comes from.

Front 14

What is a sink?

Back 14

Where all the pollutants accumulate.

Front 15

How do raising cattle and farming rice contribute to air pollution?

Back 15

They both release methane into the air.

Front 16

When the population fluctuates above and below the carrying capacity is called what?

Back 16

Dynamic Equilibrium.

Front 17

What is sustainable development?

Back 17

Using resources in ways that do not cause long term environmental harm.

Front 18

What is monoculture?

Back 18

Mass production of one source of food in one large area.
Ex: A large area of corn fields.

Front 19

What is one benefit of monoculture?

Back 19

Produce a lot of food.

Front 20

What are some ways to control pests without chemicals?

Back 20

IPM (Integrated Pest Management); Predators; and Other pests

Front 21

What is intraspecific competition?

Back 21

Competition within the same species.

Front 22

What is interspecific competition?

Back 22

Competition between 2 different species.

Front 23

If something is more dense...is it more or less crowded?

Back 23

More crowded.

Front 24

What is eutrophication?

Back 24

A fancy word for algal bloom; too many nutrients in one area

Front 25

What is a non-renewable resource?

Back 25

A resource that cannot be replenished with natural causes; takes millions of years to renew.

Front 26

What is a renewable resource?

Back 26

A resource that can be replenished with natural causes.

Front 27

What is smog? What is it caused by?

Back 27

--Fog and smoke; green brown haze in the sky.
--Caused by pollution.

Front 28

What is biological magnification?

Back 28

The increase in concentration of a substance through a food chain.

Front 29

What is irrigation?

Back 29

Artifically supplying dry land with water by the means of ditches or pipes.

Front 30

Drip Irrigation?

Back 30

Saves water; gets the water right to the roots.

Front 31

Aquifer?

Back 31

Wet underground layer of water-bearing permeable rock.

Front 32

What is a dead zone?

Back 32

Low-oxygen ares in the world's oceans.

Front 33

What are pathogens?

Back 33

Germs and other things that cause disease.

Front 34

Watershed

Back 34

An area of land where all the surface water coverges to a single point.

Front 35

Sewage

Back 35

Water-carried waste that is intended to be removed from a community; high in Nitrogen and Phosphorous.

Front 36

PCB's

Back 36

Organochloride pollutant; used in transformers until the 1970's

Front 37

Heavy Metals

Back 37

Toxic metals like lead, mercury, cadmium and zinc.

Front 38

DDT

Back 38

One of the most well-known synthetic insecticides.

Front 39

Bioaccumulation

Back 39

Accumulation of chemicals in an organism.

Front 40

Stagnant water

Back 40

Water without oxygen.

Front 41

Ectothermic

Back 41

Organisms whose temperatures reflects that of their environment.

Front 42

Endothermic

Back 42

Organisms with internal temperature control.

Front 43

Thermal Pollution

Back 43

Degradation of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature.

Front 44

Sewage

Back 44

Water-carried waste that is intended to be removed from a community; high in Nitrogen and Phosphorous.

Front 45

Aquaculture

Back 45

Fish farming

Front 46

PCB's

Back 46

Organochloride pollutant; used in transformers until the 1970's

Front 47

Heavy Metals

Back 47

Toxic metals like lead, mercury, cadmium and zinc.

Front 48

DDT

Back 48

One of the most well-known synthetic insecticides.

Front 49

Bioaccumulation

Back 49

Accumulation of chemicals in an organism.

Front 50

Stagnant water

Back 50

Water without oxygen.

Front 51

Ectothermic

Back 51

Organisms whose temperatures reflects that of their environment.

Front 52

Endothermic

Back 52

Organisms with internal temperature control.

Front 53

Thermal Pollution

Back 53

Degradatio of water quality by any process that changes ambient water temperature.

Front 54

Aquaculture

Back 54

Fish farming

Front 55

Carcinogens

Back 55

Cancer causing agents.

Front 56

Acid Rain

Back 56

Form of precipitation with high concentration of hydrogen ions; caused when sulfur and nitrogen compounds in smog mix with water.

Front 57

CFC's

Back 57

ChloroFloroCarbons-chemicals that were used in aerosols and refrigerant that destroy ozone.

Front 58

Global Warming

Back 58

Rising average temperatures of the Earth.

Front 59

Greenhouse Gases

Back 59

Chemicals in the air that trap heat.

Front 60

Kyoto Accord

Back 60

Reduce CO2 emissions.

Front 61

Montreal Protocol

Back 61

Decrease CFC use.

Front 62

Particulates

Back 62

Tiny, solid matter suspended in a gas or liquid; harmful to respiratory system.

Front 63

UV Radiation

Back 63

Energy from the sun.

Front 64

Emissions

Back 64

Exhaust from cars or factories.

Front 65

Climate Change

Back 65

Change in distribution of weather patterns.

Front 66

Troposphere

Back 66

Layer of atmosphere closest to Earth; where WE live; has weather.

Front 67

Stratosphere

Back 67

Atmospheric layer which contains ozone layer.

Front 68

Ozone Layer

Back 68

O3, protects us from harmful UV rays (UVB), helpful when high in stratosphere.

Front 69

Temperature Inversion

Back 69

Air near Earth's surface is warmer than the air above it; traps pollution.

Front 70

Unleaded Gas

Back 70

Attempt to reduce emissions and lessen pollutants in the air.

Front 71

Methane

Back 71

Important greenhouse gas; produced in intestines of many animals or in swampy areas.

Front 72

Captive Breeding

Back 72

Breeding animals in human controlled environments.

Front 73

Carbon Credits

Back 73

Attempts to reduce CO2 emissions.

Front 74

Ecological footprint

Back 74

Measure of how much someone impacts the Earth; what they use up and how their lifestyle is.

Front 75

Ecological Hot Spots

Back 75

Ecologically unstable region with a high level of endemic species, most important to protect; high in tourism.

Front 76

Ecosystem Diversity

Back 76

Variety of different habitats.

Front 77

Ecotourism

Back 77

Travel to areas of natural or ecological interest.

Front 78

EPA

Back 78

Environmental Protection Agency

Front 79

Genetic Diversity

Back 79

Variety of different genetic material.

Front 80

Habitat Fragmentation

Back 80

Breaking up of habitats into smaller discontinuous chunks.

Front 81

Hybrid Cars

Back 81

Having both gasoline and electric motor- tax credits.

Front 82

Species Diversity

Back 82

Variety of types of organisms.

Front 83

Wildlife Corridors

Back 83

Two connecting habitats separate from human activity; sidewalks for animals.

Front 84

Ecosystem Goods and Services

Back 84

Breathable air and drinkable water; benefits people obtain from healthy ecosystems.

Front 85

Green Revolution

Back 85

Period of great agricultural growth.

Front 86

Urban Sprawl

Back 86

The spreading of cities and suburbs into previously rural areas.

Front 87

Range

Back 87

The natural distribution of a population over an area.

Front 88

Age Structure Diagram

Back 88

Used by demographers to understand the distribution of various age groups in a population.

Front 89

Agricultural Revolution

Back 89

Significant change in farming practices.

Front 90

Biotic Potential

Back 90

Ability of an organism to increase in numbers under optimum environmental conditions.

Front 91

Industrial Revolution

Back 91

Shift from home-based hand manufacturing to large-scale factory production.

Front 92

Infant Mortality

Back 92

Death of babies.

Front 93

Introduced Species

Back 93

A species living outside its native distributional range.

Front 94

Mortality

Back 94

Deaths.

Front 95

Natality

Back 95

Births.