Biology Unit 2 Exam

Front 1

atom

Back 1

the basic unitnof matter

Front 2

nucleus

Back 2

the center of the atom

Front 3

electron

Back 3

negative partical surrounding the nucleus

Front 4

element

Back 4

a pure substance that consists entirely of that one atom

Front 5

isotope

Back 5

atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons

Front 6

compound

Back 6

substance formed by the chemical combination of 2 or more elements in definite proportions

Front 7

ionic bond

Back 7

formed when one atom is transfers an electron to another

Front 8

ion

Back 8

an atom that has an imbalance in #of protons and electrons

Front 9

covalent bond

Back 9

formed when 2 atoms share electrons

Front 10

molcule

Back 10

smallest unit of most compound but displays all the same properties

Front 11

hydrogen bond

Back 11

a weak attraction between one hydrogen atom and another atom

Front 12

cohesion

Back 12

attraction between molecules of the same substance

Front 13

adhesion

Back 13

force of attraction between different kinds of molecules

Front 14

mixture

Back 14

material composed of 2 or more elements or compunds that are phyisically combined but not chemical combined

Front 15

solution

Back 15

type of mixture in which all the components are evemly distributed

Front 16

solute

Back 16

substance that is dissolved in a solution

Front 17

solvent

Back 17

dissolving substance in a solution

Front 18

suspension

Back 18

mixture of water and nondissolved material

Front 19

ph scale

Back 19

the scale that measures that concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution 0-14

Front 20

acid

Back 20

compound that forms hydrogen ions in a solution

Front 21

base

Back 21

compound that provides hydroxide ion in a solution

Front 22

buffer

Back 22

compound that prevents a sharp sudden change in ph

Front 23

monomer

Back 23

small chemical unit that makes up a polymer

Front 24

polymer

Back 24

molecules compsed of many monomers; makes ul macromolecules

Front 25

carbohydrate

Back 25

provides energy of all living things; carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Front 26

monosaccarides

Back 26

simple sugar molecule

Front 27

lipid

Back 27

macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen includes fats, waxes, oils

Front 28

lip (bio term)

Back 28

fat

Front 29

nucleic acids

Back 29

macromolcules containing hydrogen,oxygen, nitorgen, carbon, and phosphorus

Front 30

nucleotides

Back 30

submit of which nucleic acids are composed; 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

Front 31

protein

Back 31

macromolecules that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair

Front 32

amino acids

Back 32

compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end

Front 33

chemical reaction

Back 33

process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals

Front 34

reactant

Back 34

what goes in a chemical reaction

Front 35

product

Back 35

what comes out of the chemical reaction

Front 36

activation energy

Back 36

energy to get a chemical reaction started

Front 37

catalyst

Back 37

substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction

Front 38

enzyme

Back 38

protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions

Front 39

-ase (bio term)

Back 39

enzyme

Front 40

ad (bio term)

Back 40

to, towards

Front 41

atomic #

Back 41

the protons in the nucleus of an atom

Front 42

mass #

Back 42

the total # of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Front 43

cations

Back 43

atoms with more protons than electrons, and thus a positive charge

Front 44

anoins

Back 44

atoms woth more electrons that protons , and thus a negative charge

Front 45

subscript

Back 45

indicates the number of atoms

Front 46

locom

Back 46

matter is never created nor destoryed

Front 47

energy

Back 47

atp

Front 48

water

Back 48

universal solvents

Front 49

turgidity

Back 49

stay full

Front 50

hydration

Back 50

staying full of water