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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is diffusion? |
During diffusion particles from an area of high concentration move to an area of low concentration. They are said to move down a concentration gradient. |
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What can quicken the rate of diffusion? |
The bigger the difference i concentration, the faster the diffusion rate. |
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How are guard cells specialised? |
They can open and shut their stomata- so that the plant can control the flow of nutrients and water. |
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Describe the digestive system? |
The salivary glands and pancreas produce digestive juices. The stomach and small intestine - where digestion occurs The liver produces bile the small intestine absorbs soluble food the large intestine absorbs water from insoluble foods and produces faeces |
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What does bile do? |
it makes acidic foods neutral |
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What is xylem? |
water reaches the cells via the xylem |
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What is the glandular tissue? |
produces enzymes and hormones. |
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What tissue covers a plant? |
epidermal |
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What tissue covers an animal? |
epithelial |
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Is a quadrat random or is it along a line? |
random |
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What .... measures the distribution of organisims along a line? |
transects |
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What is a catalyst? |
a catalyst is a substance that increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up. |
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What is a substrate? |
A substance that has to fit an enzyme for a reaction |
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what does amylase do? |
converts starch into sugars |
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What does protease do? |
converts proteins into amino acids |
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What does lipase do? |
converts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids |
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What is respiration? |
the process of releasing energy from glucose. |
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What is aerobic respiration? |
There is plenty of oxygen, the oxygen reacts with glucose |
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How can you test for starch? |
Iodine turns from orange to black if starch is present |
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What is anaerobic respiration? |
When the body cannot supply the cells with the oxygen needed to break down glucose. It creates lactic acid that results in muscle cramp |
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What is mitosis? |
Cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells |
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What does diploid mean? |
a cell that has pairs of chromosomes |
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What does haploid mean? |
a cell that has single sets of chromosomes
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What are stem cells? |
Cells that can differentiate into many different types of specialized cells |
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What is meiosis? |
When four genetically non- identical cells are made |
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Why are cells made by meiosis said to be homologus? |
they have the same genes but at different locations on the chromosomes |
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What is a genotype? |
allele combination |
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What is a phenotype? |
physical appearance |
