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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Catalyst |
A molecule which speeds up a chemical reaction, but remains unchanged at the end if the reaction |
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Metabolic pathway |
A sequence of enzyme-controlled reactions in which a product of one reaction is a reactant in the next |
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Active site |
Site on an enzyme with particular three-dimensional structure that permits binding with a substrate |
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Enzyme-substrate complex |
Intermediate structure formed during an enzyme-catalysed reaction in which the substrate and enzyme bind temporarily, such that the substrates are close enough to react |
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Activation energy |
The minimum energy that must be put into a chemical system for a reaction to occur |
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Denatured |
An enzyme's active site is permanently distorted by the irreversible breaking of hydrogen bonds, preventing substrate binding and reducing the rate of reaction |
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Inactivation |
Reversible reduction of enzyme activity at low temperature as molecules have insufficient kinetic energy to form enzyme-substrate complexes |
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Limiting factor |
Factor is limiting when an increase in its value causes an increase in the rate of reaction |
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Inhibitor |
A molecule or ion that reduces the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction |
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Competitive inhibition |
Reduction of the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction by a molecule or ion that has a complementary shape to the active site, and binds to the active site, preventing the substrate from binding |
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Non-competitive inhibition |
Reduction of the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction by a molecule or ion that binds somewhere other than the active site, altering the shape of the active site so the substrate cannot bind |
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Immobilised enzyme |
Enzyme molecules bound to an inert material, over which the substrate molecules move |
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Biosensor |
A device that combines a biomolecule, such as an enzyme, with a transducer, to produce an electrical signal which measures the concentration of a chemical |
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Lock-and-key model |
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Induced fit model |
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Activation energy graph |
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Temperature graph |
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pH graph |
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Substrate concentration graph |
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Competitive inhibition |
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Non-competitive inhibition |
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Immobilised enzymes |
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Immobilised enzyme graph |
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