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9 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what is cholesterol?

the fatty substance transported by blood, blood cholesterol level depends on the amount of fat in the diet. people with high blood cholesterol levels are at increased risk of developing


diseases of the heart and blood vessels.

what is metabolic rate?
metabolic rate is the speed at which your body uses energy.
what is a balanced diet?
a balanced diet is having the right proportions of each type of food in your diet.

who was Semmelweiss/ what did he do?
Ignaz Semmelweiss was a doctor in the mid - 1800s. he noticed that many women died of 'childbed fever' and wondered why, he also noticed that student doctors carrying out work on dead bodies did not wash their hands before delivering the baby and so realised that something was carried by the doctors from the dead bodies to the women.

who discovered pathogens?
Louis Pasteur
how can diseases be spread?
bacteria and viruses can pass from one person to another, through the air, through the food you eat, through the liquids you drink, and by touching someone.

what are the names of the two white cells and how do they work?

lymphocytes - release antibodies that latch onto the virus.




phagocytes - engulf the pathogen (usually bacteria) and digest it.

how do you gain immunisation through a vaccination (how does it work)?
weak or dead microbes are injected into the body. antibodies are produced which destroy the microbes and their toxins. white blood cells can quickly produce antibodies again if the pathogen enters again.
how do antibiotics stop working (how do bacteria become resistant)?
bacteria grow and divide ever 20 minutes. each new bacterium is exactly the same as the one it came from. sometimes a bacterium is produced that is slightly different from the others. this is called a mutation. sometimes this mutation might cause that bacterium to be resistant to the antibiotic. so the bacteria with the new mutation no longer are killed by the antibiotic.