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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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inorganic substances that are important for chemical reactions or as building materials in the body.
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mineral
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organic nutrients required in small amounts to maintain growth and metabolism; are either fat-soluble or fat-insoluble vitamins.
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vitamin
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unit of heat used to measure the energy content of food, each Calorie represents a kilocalorie, or 1000 calories; a calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 mL of water by 1°C.
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calorie
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Compare the functions of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the body.
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carbohydrates: sources of energy and are used for structure; fats: energy storage; proteins: structure, such as muscle, and also make up enzymes, antibodies, and many hormones
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Describe the role of the liver in the storage of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
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The liver stores glucose subunits and fatty acids in the form of glycogen. The liver can convert amino acids to fats or glucose to be used for energy.
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Compare and contrast vitamins and minerals. Which vitamins and minerals can be found in milk?
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vitamins: organic nutrients required in small amounts to maintain growth and metabolism; minerals: inorganic substances used as building materials or in a chemical reaction in the body; vitamins D, E, B1, and B12; pantothenic acid, iodine, calcium, phosphorus
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What happens when a person takes in more food energy than his or her body needs?
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When a person takes in more food energy than needed, the food energy will be stored as fat.
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Describe two effects dehydration can have on homeostasis of the body.
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Water is needed for oxygen and nutrients to enter cells and to maintain body temperature
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Analyze how a lack of vitamins A, D, K, and C in a person's diet could affect his or her health.
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Lack of Vitamin A, D, K, and C would cause problems with epithelial cells, vision, bones and teeth, blood clotting, wound healing, and protein metabolism.
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