• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/36

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Cell theory
1)All living things are composed of cells.
2) Cell is basic functional unite of life
3) Cells arise only from pre existing cells
4) Cells carry genetic information in form of DNA. Genetic mateiral is passed from parent to daugheter
diapgragm
controls amount of light passing through specimen, important for image contrast.
course adjustment knob
focuses image, moved vertically
fine adjust knob.
finely focus image, works over smaller range of focus.
phase contrast microscope
unlike compound light microscope, used to study dead organisms, p.c is for livigin using refraction. drawback is resolution of certain structure
autoradiography
use radioactive decay to see where reactions of interest take place.
centrifugation
separate organelles in cell by densiy
prokaryotes
Cell wall. DNA is in nucleoid region. have ribosome and cell membrane. Also have ability to store genetic info in plasmids. Also have cytoplasm.
Cell membrane
both organelles, made of phospholipid bilayer,
Smooth vs Rough ER
smooth-robisome free, lipid synthesis and detoxification of drugs/proteins.

Rougher er-production of protein products
Golgi Apparatus
receives materials from smooth ER , repackages them in eecretory vescicles, that relase contents to cell's exterior known as exocytosis.
lysosomes
trash. can cause death of cell in autolysis if needed (i.e cell has damaged DNA). also hav eprpoerties that some broken down products can be rsued in other cellular processes.
mitochondria
Produce ATP. inhertied only fomr other. Inner membrane cotnains infodlings, cristae, increase surface area where e.t.c. enzymes sit.

mitochondrian miatrix contains other important enzymes for cell respitr. Space b/w two memrbanes is intermembrane space
peroxisomes
create peroxisome , to break down fats into usable molecules, and catalzye detoxiicfaction reactions in liver
glyoxysomes.
important in germonating plants, convret fats into sugars until plants cna make their own energy.
chloroplats
in plants algae, coontiain chloropyll, used for generating energy via water, CO@, and sunlight. containd DNA>
cell wall
plants-->cellulose, fungi-->chitin
centroiles
organizing spilde apparatus which chromosomes move during mitosis.
cytoskeleton
made up of microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments. "transport system/strucutral system"
microfilaments
made of actin, are road, interact with myosin. invovled in movement of materials within cellular membrane and ameboid movement
microtubules
hollow , polymers of tublin proteins. invovled in chromosoal separation. basis for cilia and flagella.
intermediate filametns
collection of fibers for strucutural integrirty
diffusion
requires no energy, natural go from high to low
hypo/iso/hyper
environemtn low to cell, water goes into cell to balance, burst.
faciliated idffusion
molecules impermeable to membrane, such as large or polar, use itnegral membrane proteins to serve as channels
endocytosis
engulfs material into cell by cell membrane, then kept in a vescile in cyotosol
pincytosis vs phagocytoss
endocytosis of fluids and dissolved particles, where phago is ingestion of large solids like bacteroia
exocytosis
substrates released from cell into outside world
epithelian tissue
tissue cover body and line its cavities. for protection agasint invasion and dessication. also in absorbtion, secretion and sensation.
connective tissue
supports body and provides framework for higher level interaction. bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, adipose tissue, and blose are all connective tissues
nervous tissue
nuerons are primary cells in nervous system. use electrochemcial gradients for cellular signaling and coorindated control of multiple tissues, organs, and organ system
muscle tissue
skeletal, smooth and cardiac. exchiibit contractile ability and strength
capsid
protein coat of a virus
virions
new copy of a virus, released to infect new cells
bacteriophage
viruses that target bacteria.
virus
sturucture: coat, then nucleaic acid, then teal sheath, then fibers.