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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
neuron |
basic unit of the nervous system; transmits electrical signals |
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nerve |
a bundle of neurons |
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cell body |
the part of a neuron that contains the nucleus and other organelles |
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dendrites |
projections connected to the cell body of a neuron; receive signals |
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axon |
the "tail" of a neuron that is responsible for transmitting electrical signals away from the cell body |
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myelin |
a fatty covering on the axon of a neuron that speeds up the electrical signal |
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motor neuron |
carries information from the CNS to the body |
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sensory neuron |
carries information from the body to the CNS |
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interneuron |
connects motor and sensory neurons |
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synapse |
the space between the axon terminal of one neuron and the dendrites of another |
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action potential |
high speed signals that travel along the axons of neurons |
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CNS |
central nervous system; consists of the brain and spinal cord |
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PNS |
peripheral nervous system; consists of the peripheral (spinal) nerves |
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neurotransmitter |
the chemical signal passed from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite of another neuron |