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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of atom.
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Fundamental building block of all matter.
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What is the definition of biology
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systematic study of life
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What is the definition of cell
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smallest unit of life
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What is the definition of emergent property
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a characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of a system's component parts.
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What is the definition of molecule
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an association of two or more atoms
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What is the definition of nature
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everything in the universe except what humans have manufactured
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What is the definition of organism
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individual that consist of one or more cells
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What is the definition of population
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group of individuals of the same species that live in a given area
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What is the definition of consumer
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Organism that gets energy and carbon by feeding on tissues, waste, or remains of other organisms.
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What is the definition of development
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multi-step process by which the first cell of a new individual becomes a multi-celled adult.
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What is the definition of receptor
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Molecule or structure that responds to a specific form of stimulation
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What is the definition of animal
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multicelled consumer that develops through a series of embryonic stages and moves about during part or all of the life cycle.
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What is the definition of archaean
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a member of the prokaryotic domain archaea
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What is the definition of bacterium
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a member of the prokaryotic domain baceria
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What is the definition of eukaryote
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organism whose cells characteristically have nucleus
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What is the definition of fungus
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type of eukaryotic consumer that obtains nutrients by digestion and absorption outside the body
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What is the definition of genus
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a group of species that share a unique set of traits
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What is the definition of plant
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a multicelled, typically photosynthetic producer.
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What is the definition of prokaryote
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Single celled organism in which the DNA is not contained in a nucleus
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What is the definition of protist
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divers group of simple eukaryotes
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What is the definition of species
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a type of organism
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What is the definition of ion
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atom that carries a charge because it has an unequal number of protons and electrons
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What is the definition of chemical bond
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an attrractive force that arise between two atoms when their electrons interact
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What is the definition of compound
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type of molecule that has atoms more than one element
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What is the definition of covalent bond
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Chemical bond in which two atoms share a pair of electrons
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What is the definition of hydrogen bond
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attractions that forms betweeen a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate covalent bond
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What is the definition of ionic bond
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type of chemical bond in which a strong mutual attraction forms between ions of opposite charge
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What is the definition of molecule
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group of two or more atoms joined by chemical bons
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What is the definition of non polar
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having an even distribution of charge
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What is the definition of polar
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having an uneven distribution of charge
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What is the definition of polarity
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any separation of charge into distinct positive and negative regions
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What is the definition of pH
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Measure of the number of hydrogen ions in a fluid.
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What is the definition of acid
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substance that releases hydrogen ions into water
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What is the definition of base
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substance that accepts hydrogen ions in water
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What is the definition of buffer
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set of chemicals that can keep the pH of solution stable by alternately donating and accepting ions that contribute to pH.
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What is the definition of organic.
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Type of molecule that consist primarily of carbon and hydrogen atoms.
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What is the definition of carbohydrate
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molecule that consist primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio
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What is the definition of condensation
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Process by which enzymes build large molecules from smaller subunits; water also forms.
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What is the definition of hydrolysis
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process by which an enzyme breaks a molecule into smaller subunits by attaching a hydroxyl group to one part and a hydrogen atom to the other.
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What is the definition of metabolism
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All the enzyme mediated chemical reactions by which cells acquire and use energy as they builds and break down organic molecules.
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What is the definition of monomer
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molecule that is a subunit of polymers
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What is the definition of polymer
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Molecule that consists of multiple of monomers.
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What is the definition of amino acid
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small organic compound with a carboxyl group, an amine group, and a characteristic side group.
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What is the definition of fat
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lipid with one, two, or three fatty acid tails
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What is the definition of fatty acid
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organic compound that consist of a long chain of carbon atoms with an acidic carboxyl group at one end
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What is the definition of lipid
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fatty, oily, or waxy organic compound
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What is the definition of phospholipid
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a lipid with a phosphate group in its hydrophilic head, and two non polar fatty acid tails
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What is the definition of protein
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organic compound that consist of one or more chains of amino acid
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What is the definition of saturated fat
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Fanny acid with no double bonds in its carbon tail.
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What is the definition of steroid
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a type of lipid with four carbon rings and no fatty acid tails
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What is the definition of triglyceride
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a lipid with three fatty acid tails attached to a glycerol backbone
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What is the definition of unsaturated fat
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lipid with at least one double bond in a fatty acid tail
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What is the definition of wax
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water repellent lipid with long fatty acid tails bonded to long chain alcohols or carbon rings.
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What is the definition of denature
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to unravel the shape of a protein or other large biological molecule
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What is the definition of peptide bond
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a bond between the amine group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another
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What is the definition of polypeptide
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Chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.
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What is the definition of ATP
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Nucleotide that consists of an adenine base, five carbon ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. Also functions as an energy carrier.
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What is the definition of nucleic acid
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Chain of nucleotides joined by sugar phosphate bonds.
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What is the definition of nucleotide
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monomer of nucleic acids; has five carbon sugar, nitrogen containing base, and phosphate groups,
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What is the definition of prion
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infections protein
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What is the definition of RNA
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Typically single stranded nucleic acid, roles in protein synthesis.
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What is the definition of cytoplasm
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Semifluid substance enclosed by a cell's plasma membrane
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What is the definition of lipid bi-layer
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structural foundation of cell membranes, mainly phosholipids arranged tail to tail in two layers
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What is the definition of nucleoid
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region of sytoplasm where the DNA is concentrated in a prokaryotic cell
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What is the definition of plasma membrane
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A cell's outermost membrane.
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What is cell theory
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Fundamental theory of biology; all organisms consist of one or more cells; the cell is the smallest unit of life; each new cell arises from another cell; and a cell passes hereditary material to its offspring.
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