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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the bond angle of water?
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104.5
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What % of US farmland is inside the Great Lakes Basin?
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7%-14%
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What atom in water has a partial positive charge?
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hydrogen
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What happens to water when it freezes?
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it gets less dense
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If all the water on Earth was 4000mL, how many mL are frozen polar ice caps and glaciers?
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83mL
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If all the water on Earth was 4000mL, how many mL is readily available fresh water?
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0.36mL
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What atom in water has a partial positive charge?
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oxygen
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What type of bonding holds the atoms of a single water molecule together?
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polar covalent
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What type of bonding attracts water molecules to each other?
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hydrogen bonding
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What temperature does water freeze at under STP?
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32°F/0°C
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What temperature does water boil at under STP?
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212°F/100°C
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How old is the earth?
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4.5 billion years Old
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How old is the solar system?
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5 billion years
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What % of the US population lives in the Great Lakes Basin?
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10%
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At what temperature is water most dense?
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4°C
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How long is 1 Astronomical Unit?
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93 million miles
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What % of US farmland is inside the Great Lakes Basin?
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7%-14%
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What atom in water has a partial positive charge?
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hydrogen
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What happens to water when it freezes?
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it gets less dense
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If all the water on Earth was 4000mL, how many mL are frozen polar ice caps and glaciers?
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83mL
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If all the water on Earth was 4000mL, how many mL is readily available fresh water?
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0.36mL
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What atom in water has a partial positive charge?
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oxygen
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What type of bonding holds the atoms of a single water molecule together?
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polar covalent
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What type of bonding attracts water molecules to each other?
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hydrogen bonding
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What temperature does water freeze at under STP?
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32°F/0°C
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What temperature does water boil at under STP?
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212°F/100°C
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How old is the earth?
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4.5 billion years
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How old is the solar system?
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5 billion years
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What % of the US population lives in the Great Lakes Basin?
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10%
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At what temperature is water most dense?
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4°C
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How long is 1 Astronomical Unit?
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93 million miles
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What do xylem do?
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they carry nutrients and water up from the roots to the leaves
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What do phloem do?
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they carry food down from the leaves
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What are stoma?
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they are openings on the underside of leaves where transpiration occurs
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Where is water stored in the plant?
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in water vacuoles
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When the guard cells are ________ the stoma is open.
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turgid
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When the guard cells are ________ the stoma is closed.
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flacid
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What is plasmolysis?
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the process of wilting
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What does ubiquitous mean?
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everywhere
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What is the form of carbon that is made of sturdy tetrahedral bonds called?
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diamond
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Q=MC∆T
what does Q stand for? |
energy
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Q=MC∆T
what does M stand for? |
mass
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Q=MC∆T
what does C stand for? |
specific heat
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Q=MC∆T
what does ∆T stand for? |
temperature change
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What is the specific heat of liquid water?
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4.184J/gºC
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What is water's energy of fusion?
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6.00kJ/mol
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What is water's energy of vaporization?
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40.70kJ/mol
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What is evaporation?
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the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor
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What is precipitation?
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water released from clouds in the form
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What is transpiration?
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the process by which plants release water into the atmosphere
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What are guard cells?
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cells that control the opening and closing of the stomata
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What is runoff?
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water from precipitation that flows across the gound to bodies of water
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What is percolation?
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the downward movement of water through soil
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What is groundwater?
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water that exists in the ground
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What is an aquifer?
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a layer of water-bearing permeable rock, sand, or gravel capable of providing significant amounts of water
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What is solar energy?
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radiant energy from the sun
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What is a water table?
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the top of the water surface in the saturated part of an aquifer
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What is the name of the largest US aquifer?
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the Ogalla Aquifer
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What is medicinal runoff?
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runoff that consists of antibiotics and growth hormones
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What is the CHZ?
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the Continously Habitable Zone
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Why is the level of estrogen in the water supply rising?
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because of birth control pills and chlorinated compounds (mimic estrogen)
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What are 6 non-native species living in the Great Lakes Basin?
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lamprey eel, purple loosestrife, round goby, zebra mussel, spiny water flea, ruffe
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How many cubic miles of water is contained in the Great Lakes Basin?
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5,500 cubic miles
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What % of Great Lakes water drains into the Atlanic each year?
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less than 1%
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How many miles of shoreline do the Great Lakes supply?
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10,000 miles
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What % of the world's available fresh water supply is in the Great Lakes?
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18%
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How many square miles do the Great Lakes cover?
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94,000 square miles
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How many square miles does the Great Lakes Basin cover?
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295,7000 square miles
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What percentage of the US population lives in the Great Lakes Basin?
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10%
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How many people live in the Great Lakes Basin?
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40 million??
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How many people use the Great Lakes Basin for drinking water?
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25 million??
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What types of pollutants are considered Critical Chemicals of Concern?
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DDT, PCBs, dioxin, lead, mercury, etc
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What are lipophilic compounds?
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they become more concentrated in each trophic level, being deadliest to the highest in the food chain
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Why are non-native species dangerous to the ecosystem?
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thye try to take over a niche already occupied by another organism in the ecosystem, and may have no natural preadators in the new ecosysytem
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What is the largest Great Lake?
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Superior
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What is the smallest Great Lake?
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Erie
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How many ships pass through the Soo Locks each year?
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about 10,000
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What Great Lakes do the Soo Locks connect?
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Lake Huron and Lake Superior
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How many species are rare or only found in the Great Lakes Basin?
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100 species
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How many tons of cargo pass through the Great Lakes Basin each years?
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nearly 50 million tons
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How much money is spent each year on fishing in the Great Lakes Basin?
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$4.5 billion
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Name the 5 Great Lakes.
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Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior (H.O.M.E.S.)
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Name the states/provinces of the Great Lakes Basin.
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Minnesota, Wisconson, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Quebec, Ontario
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What kind of energy do photosynthesizing autotrophs use?
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radiant energy
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What kind of energy do chemosynthesizing autotrophs use?
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electrical energy
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What kind of energy do heterotrophs use?
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chemical energy
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What is the modern definition of organic chemistry?
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the study of molecules consisting of carbon to carbon bonds
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Where is ADP restored into ATP?
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in the mitochondrea
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What does sellenium do for the body?
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prevents blood clots
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What does copper do for the body?
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aids vision
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What does calcium do for the body?
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helps build strong bones, allows brain to send messages to muscles
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What is the balanced equation for cellular respiration?
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6 O2 + 6 H2O + ADP + P -> C6H12O6 + CO2 + ATP
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What is a population?
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a group of organisms of the same species
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What is a community?
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a group of populations of differing species
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What is the charge on a phosphate group?
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-3
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What kind of bonds form between the phosphates in the phosphate group?
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high energy
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What % of humans is water?
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65%
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What 6 major elements make up all living organisms?
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C, H, O, N, P, S
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What is an autotroph?
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an organism that derives energy from photosynthesis
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What is a heterotroph?
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derives energy from organic molecules
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What does ATP stand for?
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Adenosine Triphosphate
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What does zinc do for you body?
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acts as an enzyme to make it possible for DNA to replicate
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What is a watershed?
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an area where all the precipitation flows into a single body of water
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What is an ecosystem?
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all living and non-living things in an area
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What is another name for red blood cells?
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erythrocytes
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