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12 Cards in this Set

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Write the overall equation for cell respiration. What is the goal of cell respiration?
C(6)H(12)O(6)+6O(2)-->6CO(2)+6H(2)O+energy

Goal: to release energy from food
Describe Glycolysis...
Starts with 6-Carbon compound(glucose)
2 ATP activate glucose
then splits into two 3-carbon compound
results: 2 pyruvate, 4 ATP, 2 NADH
occurs in cytoplasm
Describe Kreb's cycle...
occurs in mitochondrium (matrix)
pyruvate enters through transport protein then converted into CoA (gives 2 carbons)
CO(2) and NADH produced
At the end, 3 C0(2) produced, 4 NADH, FADH(2), 1 ATP
Electron Transport Chain...
occurs in mitochondrium (cristae)
Starts with NADH
loses electron which carries hydrogens though and forms H(2)O

FADH(2) loses electron which carries H through and forms another H(2)O

then b/c of high concentration, H moves back and ADP takes H and forms 3 ATPs
Where does each reaction take place?
glycolysis: cytoplasm
Kreb's: mitochondrium=matrix
electron: mitochondrium=cristae
Explain the importance of FADH(2) and NADH to the electron transport chain.
These two molecules are electron acceptors and hold the electrons until they can be made into ATP.
Relate the electron transport chain to the creation of a hydrogen ion gradient. How is this gradient used to generate ATP?
As the FADH(2) and NADH move the electrons around it increases the gradient b/c there are more Hydrogens on one side. This leads to the movement of the hydrogens back into the matrix therefore creating the ATP.
Explain the importance of fermentation when the cell becomes anaerobic.
Fermentation allows the process of cell respiration to continue without oxygen.
What is the significance of photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis takes the energy and makes it into food.
What is the relationship between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
Autotrophs are the organisms that make their own food. Also called producers. Hetertrophs eat autotrophs.
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration in plants?
Opposties. taking energy, releasing energy.
What is ATP?
ATP is a protein that allows H ions to pass through it and takes ADP and forms ATP.