Biology Test 3/20

Front 1

A hapliod sex cell, formed during meiosis, that can combine with another hapliod sex cell and produce a diploid fertilized egg

Back 1

gamete

Front 2

A fertilized egg formed when a sperm cell penetrates an egg

Back 2

zygote

Front 3

Complex inheritance pattern in which the heterozygous phenotype is intermidiate between those of the two homozygous parent organisms

Back 3

incomplete dominance

Front 4

in RNA processing, the intervening coding sequence missing from the final mRNA

Back 4

intron

Front 5

Interaction between alleles in which one allele hides the affects of another

Back 5

epistasis

Front 6

Micrograph in which the pairs of homologous chromosomes are arranged in decreasing size

Back 6

karyotype

Front 7

Having more than two alleles for a specific trait

Back 7

multiple alleles

Front 8

Complex inheritance pattern that occurs when neither allele is dominant and both alleles are expressed

Back 8

codominance

Front 9

Characteristic, such as color blind or hemofeliac, controlled by genes on the x-chromosome; also called a x-linked trait

Back 9

sex-linked trait

Front 10

Protective cap made of DNA that is found on the ends of a chromosome

Back 10

telomere

Front 11

Characteristic, such as eye color or skin color, that results from the interaction of multiple gene pairs

Back 11

polygene

Front 12

Cell division in which the sister chromatids do not seperate correctly, resulting with gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes

Back 12

nondisjunction

Front 13

Method of DNA replication in which parental strands separate, act as templates, and produce molecules of DNA with one parental DNA strand and one new DNA strand

Back 13

semiconservative replication

Front 14

Enzyme that catalyzes synthesis of new DNA molecules

Back 14

DNA polymerase

Front 15

Section of DNA containing genes for protiens required for a specific metabolic pathway - consists of an operator, promoter, regulatory gene, and genes coding for protiens

Back 15

operon

Front 16

In RNA processing, the coding sequence that remains in the final mRNA

Back 16

exon

Front 17

Organism that is genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism

Back 17

transgenic organism

Front 18

Process in which large numbers of identical recombiant DNA molecules are produced

Back 18

cloning

Front 19

Newly generated DNA fragment containing exogenous DNA

Back 19

recombiant DNA

Front 20

Genetic engineering technique that can make copies of specific regions of a DNA fragment

Back 20

PCR

Front 21

Any of the small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecules that can be used as a vector

Back 21

plasmid