Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Heredity
|
the transmission of traits from one generation to the next
|
|
What is actually inherited by offspring?
|
Genes
|
|
Variation
|
unit shows that offspring differ in appearance from parents and siblings
|
|
One parent produces genetically identical offspring, what is this called?
|
mitosis
|
|
Sexual reproduction
|
two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the two parents
|
|
Heredity Units
|
Genes (Our genes are what program us for specific traits)
|
|
gametes
|
reproductive cells that transmit genes from one generation to the next
|
|
the two chromosomes composing a pair that have the same length, centromere, position, and staining pattern.
|
homologous chromosomes
|
|
the 22 pairs of chromosomes that do not determine sex are called
|
autosomes
|
|
________ are called X and Y
|
the sex chromosomes
|
|
How many chromosomes arranged in pairs does each human somatic cell contain?
|
46 chromosomes
|
|
What is a somatic cell?
|
any cell other than a gamete
|
|
diploid ( )
|
diploid (2n) - a cell with two sets
|
|
What is the diploid number for humans?
|
46, 2n=46
|
|
haploid cells containing only one set of chromosomes
|
gametes
|
|
What is the haploid number for humans?
|
humans, n=23)
|
|
What is the start of the human life cycle?
|
when a haploid sperm from the father fuses with a haploid egg from the mother.
|
|
The resulting fertilized egg called a _______ is diploid because it contains two _________ set
|
Zygote is diploid because it contains two haploid sets
|
|
Mitosis of the zygote and all of its descendents generates all of the ______ cells in the body
|
somatic
|
|
The only types of human cells produces by meiosis, rather than mitosis
|
Gametes
|
|
results in two haploid daughter cells with replicated chromosomes
|
Meiosis I
|
|
results in four haploid daughter cells with unreplicated chromosomes
|
Meiosis II
|
|
How many chromosomes does each daughter cell have in relationship to the parent cell?
|
Each daughter cell has have as many chromosomes as the parent cell
|
|
when _______________ chromosomes may cross over one another
|
non sister chromosomes
|
|
What are the stages of meiosis I
|
Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase, I, Telophase, I
|
|
-splitting homologous pairs
-pairs line up = synapsis occurs in a diploid parent cell What stage? |
Prophase I
|