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167 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Variation that exists in the natural world at all levels of biological organization is called
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BioDiversity
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Approx. How many species of organisms have been described and named?
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1.4-5 Million
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We have named and identified approx. what % of the species on Earth?
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Only a small fraction.
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Most species remain _______________.
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Undiscovered
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Where would we expect to find a lot of unnamed species?
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Ocean and Rainforest
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The naming and classifying of organisms is called __________.
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Taxonomy
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A person that studies naming and classification is called a ______.
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Taxonomist
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How many systems of classification are satisfactory with everyone?
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0
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Who gave us our system of classification?
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Linnaeus
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What system of nomenclature do we currently use?
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Binomial
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11. Every organism must have how many names?
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2
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The name of every organism must include ________________.
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Genus and Species
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Which part of a scientific name should never be used alone?
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Species
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The scientific name of an organism must be ____________.
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Underlined or Italicized
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The first letter of the genus name must be __________.
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Capitalized
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The first letter of the species name is ___________.
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Lowercase.
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Which part of a scientific name can be abbreviated?
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Genus.
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Before genus name can be abbreviated, it must be first ______________.
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Written out.
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An organism can have how many common names?
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Any number.
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An organism can have how many scientific names?
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Only 1.
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Which type of name is not very useful as locations change?
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Common name.
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How many major categories of classification do we use?
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7
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What is the highest level of classification in our system?
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Kingdom.
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In plants, a kingdom is divided into _________.
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Divisions.
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In animals, a kingdom is divided into________.
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Phyla.
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A division is divided into _____.
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Classes.
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Classes are divided into _____.
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Orders.
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An order is divided into ______.
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Families.
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Families are divided into ______.
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Genera.
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A Genus is divided into _____.
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Species.
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What is the only natural part of the system of classification?
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Species.
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Which is the only part of the system of classification where organisms can inner breed?
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Species.
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Species may be divided into _______.
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Varieties or Cultivars.
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Which kingdom do humans belong to?
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Animalia.
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Which phylum do humans belong to?
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Chordata.
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Which class do humans belong to?
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Mamalia.
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Which order do humans belong to?
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Primates.
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Which family do humans belong to?
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Hominidae.
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Which genus do humans belong to?
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Homo.
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What does homo mean?
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Man.
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Which species does man belong to?
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Homosapiens.
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What does Sapiens mean?
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Thinking
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How many kingdoms did we have at the time of Linnaeus?
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3
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Which of the following was the kingdom at the time of Linnaeus?
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Mineral.
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How many kingdoms do we currently recognize?
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5
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Bacteria belong to which kingdom?
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Monera.
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Monera are all ________.
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Prokaryotic.
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Monera are identified by their unique _________.
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Cellular Organization.
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Monera organisms have how many cells in their body?
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1
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Protista are _______.
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Eukaryotic.
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Organisms that can manufacture their own food are called _______.
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Autotrophs.
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Organisms that cannot manufacture their own food are called ______.
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Heterotrophs.
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Algae belong to which kingdom?
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Protista.
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Fungi, animals, and plants are classified based on their mode of _______.
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Nutrition.
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How do fungi get their food?
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Absorb it.
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What do fungi secrete to break down food?
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Enzymes.
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Fungi are called ______.
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Decomposers.
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Bread mold, yeast, and mushrooms are all _______.
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Decomposers.
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Which kingdom manufactures organic molecules by __________.
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Photosynthesis.
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Plants are called ________.
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Producers.
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Plants are called ________.
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Autotrophs.
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Which groups of organisms ingests their food and then digest it?
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Animals.
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Plants belong to which kingdom?
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Plantae.
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Animals belong to which kingdom?
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Animalia.
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Fungi belong to which kingdom?
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Fungi kingdom.
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Animals are called _______.
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Consumers.
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Taxonomists that recognize 6 kingdoms divide which kingdom into 2 parts.
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Monera.
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True bacteria are called ________.
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Eubacteria.
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69. The beginning bacteria are called ________.
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Archae bacteria.
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Which group of organisms lives in scalding water near volcanic vents?
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Archae bacteria.
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Archae bacteria are able to survive temperatures up to ______.
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212 F.
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Which group of organisms has genes that have never been seen before?
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Archae bacteria.
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Some of the genes in Archae bacteria resemble the genes found in _______.
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Humans.
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It’s thought that some Eukaryotic species and multicellular life developed from which organisms?
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Archae bacteria.
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Some people propose using how many domains to classify organisms?
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3
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Which of the following are considered by some to be domains?
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Bacteria, Archae, Eukaria. (All of the above)
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Which of the following characteristics may be used in classification?
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Structural, Biochemical, genes, (all of the above), None of the Above.
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What may be used for classification?
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Fossil Evidence.
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Stages in the life cycle of an organism may be used for what?
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Classification.
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Patterns in embryonic development may be used in __________.
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Classification.
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How many years have plants occupied the surface of the earth?
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300 million.
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Plants have evolved from ________.
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Green Algae
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Plants and green Algae store food as _______.
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Starch
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Plants and green algae store their food in structures called _________.
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Plastids.
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All plants have a well defined ______.
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Alternation of Generations
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Any structure containing spores is called a _______.
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Sporangium.
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Any structure containing gametes is called a ________.
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Gametangium.
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A female gametangium is called a _________.
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Archegonium.
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An archegonium produces what?
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Egg
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A male gametangium is called a __________.
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Antheridium.
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Antheridium produces what?
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Sperm
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Which organisms produce Antheridia and Archegonia?
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Liver warts, Mosses, ferns, (All of the Above), None of the above.
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Liver warts and mosses are called what?
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Bryophytes.
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Bryophytes have no true ________.
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Leaves
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Which part of the life cycle of a bryophyte is dominant?
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Gameteophyte.
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In the life cycle of a bryophyte, which is smallest?
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Sporephyte.
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Bryophytes have no ________.
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Vascular tissue.
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Vascular plants are called ______.
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Tracheophytes
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Tracheophytes must produce ________.
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Xylem and Phloem.
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Xylum tissue conducts what?
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Water.
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Phloem tissue conducts what?
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Food.
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Which group of plants does not produce seeds?
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Ferns.
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Angio sperms and Gymnosperms must produce what?
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Seeds.
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Which group of plants produce unprotected or naked seeds?
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Gymnosperms.
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Pines or Conifers belong to which group?
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Gymnosperms.
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How many different types of cones does a pine tree produce?
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2
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The angiosperms belong to the group ________.
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Anthophyta.
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Anthophyta includes which group of plants?
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Flowering plants.
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Which group of plants produces enclosed or protected seeds?
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Angiosperms.
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Which group of plants produce flowers, fruits, and seeds?
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Angiosperms.
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In the angiosperms, the seed is produced in and protected by the ________.
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Fruit.
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Angiosperms are made up of how many classes?
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2
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Wheat, rice, and corn are all _______.
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Monocots.
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Which class of plants has parallel veined leaves?
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Monocots.
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Parallel veined leaves are characteristic of which class plants?
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Monocots.
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Beans and Squash are examples of which class of plants?
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Dicots.
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Which type of venation do dicots have?
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Pinnate or palmate.
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What do we call embryonic seed leaves?
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Catyledons.
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When you eat red beans, what are you eating primarily?
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Catyledons.
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Any sexual life cycle must contain how many different kinds of plants?
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2
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What must each sexual life cycle contain?
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Sporephyte, Gametophyte.
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Which 2 processes must occur in every sexual life cycle?
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Meosis and Fertilization.
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What is the N number of a sporephyte?
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2N
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What is the N number of a gametophyte?
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1N
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A megaspore mother cell produces what?
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Megaspores.
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A microspore mother cell produces what?
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Microspores.
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A spore mother cell produces what?
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Spores.
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What is the result of the union of an egg and a sperm?
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Zygote.
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A sporephyte may reproduce _______.
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Asexually.
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A gametophyte may reproduce _______.
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Asexually.
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What is the N number of a microspore mother cell?
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2N
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What is the N number of a megaspore mother cell?
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2N
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What is the N number of a spore mother cell?
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2N
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How many microspores would a microspore mother cell produce?
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4
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How many spores would a megaspore mother cell produce?
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4
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How many spores would a spore mother cell produce?
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4
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A microspore develops into what?
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Male Gametophyte
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A megaspore develops into what?
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Female Gametophyte.
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A spore from a microspore mother cell develops into a what?
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Gametophyte.
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Considering evolutionary trends, what happens to the size of the gametophyte as you go from primitive to advanced plants?
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Gets smaller.
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Considering evolutionary trends, what happens to the size of the sporephyte as you go from primitive to advanced?
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Gets larger
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Considering evolutionary trends, what happens to the size of the gametophyte as you go from advanced plants to primitive plants?
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Gets larger.
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Considering evolutionary trends, what happens to the size of the sporephyte as you go from advanced plants to primitive plants?
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Gets smaller.
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What is the approx. size of the gametophyte in a flowering plant?
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Single cell.
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What is the approx. size of the sporephyte in the algae?
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Single cell.
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If evolution continues as it has in the past, What might disappear in the flowering plants?
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Gametophyte.
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Fungi are called what?
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Decomposers.
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Fungi belong to which kingdom?
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Fungi Kingdom
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Fungi may attack which body parts?
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Any.
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The most deadly fungi belong to which genus?
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Amanita.
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The common canned edible mushroom belongs to which genus?
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Agaricus
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What’s the only way to tell whether an unfamiliar mushroom is poisonous or edible?
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Eat it.
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Which mushrooms are edible when young and poisonous when old?
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Puffball or corn smut balls.
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What is not a symptom of mushroom poisoning?
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Losing a tooth, going blind, having an earache.
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What is a symptom of mushroom poisoning?
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Coma, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhea, (all of the above).
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What color is the most deadly mushroom?
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White.
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What color is the commercial mushroom?
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White.
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On which substrate are mushrooms grown commercially?
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Horse manure.
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The toxin from a mushroom may be passed from one individual to another by _________.
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Urine
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How long does it take for a person to die from a poisonous mushroom?
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A few hours, (Days).
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In addition to the regular officers, a mushroom club generally has a ________.
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Taster.
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Which mushroom is hunted for spores in the mid-west?
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Morel.
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Mushrooms that grow underground and are hunted with dogs and pigs are called what?
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Truffels.
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What is the minimum time it would take for a person to show a reaction from mushroom poisoning?
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1-2 minutes.
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Commercial or canned mushrooms may cause what?
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Headaches, sniffles, loss of consciousness, vomiting, and (all of the above).
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Wild mushrooms may cause what?
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Brain disorders, hallucinations, blurred vision, death, (all of the above).
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What’s the difference between a mushroom and a toadstool?
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Nothing.
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