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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atoms
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Units of matter cannot be broken down by chemical means
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All substances in the world are called...
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Matter
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All Matter is comprised of..
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elements
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Elements are made up of...
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Atoms
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Atoms Contain...
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Protons, neutrons, and electrons
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Closest shell of an atom holds...
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2 electrons, next shell holds up to 8, if more than 10 the atom has additional shells
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Mass
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The measure of how much matter is contained within an object
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Mass of 1 proton
Mass of 1 neutron Mass of 1 electron |
1 amu
1 amu 0 amu |
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Atomic weight
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protons + neutrons = atomic weight
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Isotopes
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Atoms that have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.
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Radioisotopes
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Unstable isotopes that emit forms of radiation.
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Compound
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The combination of 2 or more elements. Ex; sodium and chlorine = sodium chloride (plain table salt)
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Molecule
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Elements held together by chemical bonds
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Covalent Bond
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Forms when 2 or more atoms share the electrons in their outer shells.
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Molecule
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A chemical structure held together by covalent bonds. Ex; Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen Dioxide
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Ion
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An atom or group of atoms that carries either a positive or negative electrical charge
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Ionic Bond
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Results from the mutual attraction of oppositely charged ions
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How do atoms interact with one another
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Interact w/each other so as to fill their outermost shell
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Hydrogen Bonds
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The attraction between a slightly positively charged hydrogen atom and a slightly negatively charged atom nearby.
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4 important elements
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Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen
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3 important molecules
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02 (oxygen gas), CO2 (carbon dioxide), H2O
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