Biology Semester Test

Front 1

Down syndrome occurs when there is ______ at chromosome pair 21.

Back 1

Trisomy

Front 2

_____ are genetically identical copies.

Back 2

Clones

Front 3

Process of gathering information about events

Back 3

Observation

Front 4

The ______ modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.

Back 4

Golgi Apparatus

Front 5

_____ is the process of making RNA

Back 5

Transcription

Front 6

Two examples of codominance

Back 6

*AB blood type

*black fur rat+white fur rat=black and white fur rat

Front 7

Reaction that is considered exothermic ______ energy.

Back 7

Releases

Front 8

Which type of symbiosis describes when one organism benefits and the other isn't helped or harmed?

Back 8

Commensalism

Front 9

Attraction between molecules of the same substance is _____ while attraction between different molecules is _____

Back 9

Cohesion, adhesion

Front 10

Organism with a genotype of Bb is _____.

Back 10

Heterozygous

Front 11

Organelle that converts chemical energy in stored food into enegery?

Back 11

Mitochondria

Front 12

Process that changes one set of chemicals to another set by breaking old bonds and forming new ones?

Back 12

Chemical reaction

Front 13

Observations that involve counting or measuring?

Back 13

Quantitative

Front 14

Process of nuclear division

Back 14

Mitosis

Front 15

Repeating subunits that make up DNA

Back 15

Bases

Front 16

Storage units of the cell

Back 16

Vacuoles

Front 17

Occurs after glycolysis if no oxygen is present

Back 17

Fermentation

Front 18

Different forms of genes

Back 18

Alleles

Front 19

Process of synthesizing RNA from DNA is called ____

Back 19

Transcription

Front 20

Disease caused by a dominant allele that causes breakdown of the brain beginning between 30-35 years of age?

Back 20

Huntington's Disease

Front 21

Basic unit of matter

Back 21

Atom

Front 22

Genes with more than two alleles

Back 22

Multiple alleles

Front 23

Total number of protons and neutrons

Back 23

Atomic mass

Front 24

Logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or expierence

Back 24

Hypothesis

Front 25

Substance of only one atom type

Back 25

Element

Front 26

When hydrogen and oxygen form water, water would be the _____ hydrogen and oxygen would be the _____.

Back 26

Product, Reactants

Front 27

A ______ is any change in the DNA sequence.

Back 27

Mutation

Front 28

A _____ is a set of three based in an mRNA sequence.

Back 28

Codon

Front 29

Which organelle makes proteins using instructions that comes from the nucleus?

Back 29

Ribosome

Front 30

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with a different number of _____.

Back 30

Neutrons

Front 31

Process of plants using sunlight to create energy

Back 31

Photosynthesis

Front 32

Uses instructions to place amino acids in correct order to build proteins in translation

Back 32

tRNA

Front 33

Structure of DNA is shaped like

Back 33

Double helix

Front 34

During cell division, sister chromatids are connected to each other and the spindles by _____.

Back 34

Centromere

Front 35

Large masses formed by uncontrolled cell division

Back 35

Tumors

Front 36

A person may bleed to death from a small cut from this affliction.

Back 36

Hemophilia

Front 37

Occurs when homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material

Back 37

Crossing over

Front 38

Factors that determine traits

Back 38

Genes

Front 39

Useful device for predicting genetic variation

Back 39

Punnett square

Front 40

Occurs when tumor cells break loose and enter the blood stream

Back 40

Metastasis

Front 41

Diffusion is the movement of particles from a ____ concertation area to a ____ concertation area

Back 41

High, Low

Front 42

Biological community and all the abiotic factors that affect it

Back 42

Ecosystem

Front 43

What is caused by the absence of an enzyme that converts the amino acids phenylalanine and may lead to mental retardation?

Back 43

PKU

Front 44

Contains deoxyribose, phosphate, and nitrogenous base

Back 44

Nucleotides

Front 45

List structures only found in plant cells

Back 45

Chloroplasts and Cell Wall

Front 46

Which biome has the greatest amount of biodiversity?

Back 46

Rainforest

Front 47

What group of proteins moniters a cell's progress during cell cycle?

Back 47

Cyclins

Front 48

What structure is found in the chloroplasts that is green and assists in the process of photosynthesis?

Back 48

Chlorophyll

Front 49

_____ is the study of heredity.

Back 49

Genetics

Front 50

_____ is the division of cytoplasm.

Back 50

Cytokinesis

Front 51

Shows exact location of genes om a chromosome

Back 51

Gene map

Front 52

DNA is a set of instructions for building _____.

Back 52

Proteins

Front 53

The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains _____.

Back 53

Electrons

Front 54

A ____ is a cross of one trait and a ____ is a cross of two traits.

Back 54

Diploid, Haploid

Front 55

What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started?

Back 55

Catalyst

Front 56

Any compound that forms H+ ions in solution and has a pH of less than 7 is called _____.

Back 56

Acidic

Front 57

_____ occurs when both alleles are dominant and both appear seperately.

Back 57

Codominance

Front 58

Mitosis results in two ____ cells.

Back 58

Diploid

Front 59

What term describes a substance formed by the combination of two or more elements in definite proportions?

Back 59

Compound