Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Who was Charles Darwin?
|
A naturalist on the HMS Beagle. He was a biologist and geologist, came up with natural selection as a mechanism for evolution.
|
|
What did Darwin observe on the Galapagos Islands?
|
Variation between species.
|
|
Describe how observing the anatomy of finches helped Darwin to formulate his theory.
|
He saw how they had similar structures but different traits were expressed depending on their environment.
|
|
What are the two main points of Darwin's theory?
|
-descent with modification
-natural selection |
|
What is Natural Selection? How does it work?
|
Process by which individuals with inherited characteristics well suited to the environment leave more offspring than do other individuals.
|
|
What is a population's "gene pool"?
|
All of the alleles of all of the individuals in a population.
|
|
What exactly is biological "fitness"? What makes one organism more "fit" to survive?
|
The contribution that that individual makes to that gene pool.
|
|
According to Natural Selection, what actually does the selevting?
|
the ENVIRONMENT!
|
|
What is the difference between Natural Selection and Artificial Selection?
|
Natural: the environment is doing the selecting.
Artificial: people are doing the selecting. |
|
What is a vestigial structure? Give an example.
|
A remnant of a structure that may have had an important function in a species ancestors, bu has no clear function in the modern species. (ex. human appendix)
|
|
How does the Evolutionary Theory apply to Antibiotic Resistance?
|
When people take antibiotics, those bacteria that survive give rise to offspring that are also resistant.
|
|
How do genetic mutations contribute to Natural Selection?
|
Sometimes genetic mutations help make a species better/stronger, which helps it evolve better.
|
|
What is microevolution? Give an example.
|
Evolution within only a few generations. (pest control)
|
|
What is the fossil record?
|
Chronological collection of life's remains in the rock layers.
|
|
What does it mean when insects are "resistant" to a particular pesticide?
|
they are affected by the pesticide, they already carry that trait.
|