Biology - Quiz 2

Front 1

eukaryote

Back 1

a cell that contains a nucleus

Front 2

prokaryote

Back 2

a cell that does not have a nucleus

Front 3

How are living things organized for study?

Back 3

-To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical manner
- To avoid the confusion caused by regional names, biologists use a classification system to group organisms in a logical manner and to assign names

Front 4

What is binomial nomenclature?

Back 4

In binomial nomenclature, each animal is assigned a two-part scientific name (in Latin)

Front 5

What is Linnaeus's system of classification?

Back 5

Linnaeus's hierarchical system of classification includes seven levels (taxonomic categories). Largest to Smallest -- Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Species. Dumb King Philip Came Over For Soup

Front 6

taxonomy

Back 6

when scientists classify organisms and assign each organism a universally accepted name

Front 7

binomial nomenclature

Back 7

a two-word naming system

Front 8

genus

Back 8

a group of closely related species

Front 9

taxon

Back 9

a category or "level" in Linnaeus's classification system

Front 10

family

Back 10

the larger category to which genera that share many characteristics belong

Front 11

order

Back 11

is a broad taxonomic category that is composed of similar families

Front 12

class

Back 12

the next larger category that is composed of similar families

Front 13

phylum

Back 13

includes many different organisms that share important characteristics

Front 14

kingdom

Back 14

is the largest and most inclusive of taxonomic categories

Front 15

Where does the energy for life processes come from?

Back 15

-Sunlight is the main energy source for life on Earth
- Some types of organisms rely on the energy stored in inorganic chemical compounds

Front 16

How efficient is the transfer of energy among organisms in an ecosystem?

Back 16

-Only about 10 percent of the energy among organisms within one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next trophic level

Front 17

How does energy flow through living systems?

Back 17

Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction, from the sun or inorganic compounds to autotrophs (producers) and then to various heterotrophs (consumers)

Front 18

food chain

Back 18

a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

Front 19

autotroph

Back 19

an organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food

Front 20

producer

Back 20

organism that produces its own food

Front 21

photosynthesis

Back 21

the process of autotrophs using light energy to power chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-enriched carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

Front 22

chemosynthesis

Back 22

when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates

Front 23

heterotroph

Back 23

an organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply

Front 24

consumer

Back 24

an organism that consumes other organisms for energy

Front 25

herbivore

Back 25

an organism that obtains energy by eating only plants

Front 26

carnivore

Back 26

an organism that eats other animals for energy

Front 27

omnivore

Back 27

an organism that eats both plants and animals to obtain energy

Front 28

detritivore

Back 28

an organism that feeds on dead matter and animal remains

Front 29

decomposer

Back 29

an organism that beaks down organic matter

Front 30

food chain

Back 30

a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

Front 31

food web

Back 31

links all the food chains in an ecosystem together

Front 32

trophic level

Back 32

each step in the food chain

Front 33

ecological pyramid

Back 33

a diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain or food web

Front 34

biomass

Back 34

the total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level