Biology Quarter 2 Final

Front 1

order of the cell cycle?

Back 1

G1, S, G2, M

Front 2

what happens in the G1 phase?

Back 2

cell carries out normal functions. cells increase in size, organelles increase in number. cell grows.

Front 3

what happens in the S phase?

Back 3

synthesis.. the combining of parts to make a whole. cell makes a copy of its nuclear DNA. genetic material is duplicated

Front 4

G2 (gap 2)

Back 4

cells continue normal functions and additional growth occurs. prepares to divide

Front 5

Mitosis

Back 5

mitosis- division of cell nucleas and concents

Front 6

what is cytokinesis

Back 6

process that divides cell cytoplasm

Front 7

chromosome

Back 7

one long continuous thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes along with regulatory information

Front 8

chromatin

Back 8

the loose combo of DNA and proteins

Front 9

chromatid

Back 9

one half of a duplicated chromosome

Front 10

centromere

Back 10

the thing that holds the chromosome together

Front 11

prophase

Back 11

chromatin condenses into chromosomes, nuclear envelope breaks down

Front 12

metaphase

Back 12

CHROMOSOMES ALIGN IN CENTER OF CELL

Front 13

interphase

Back 13

longest part of the cell cycle

Front 14

cytokinesis

Back 14

cell is cleaved into two new daughter pgones

Front 15

telophase

Back 15

daughter chromosomes arrive at the poles

Front 16

cancer

Back 16

a disease caused by disruption of cell cycle which leads to uncontrolled cell division and can lead to death

Front 17

Benign

Back 17

abornomal mass of essentially normal cells which reamin at their original site

Front 18

malignant

Back 18

mass of abnormal cells resulting from uncontrolled cancer cell division

Front 19

metasis

Back 19

spread of cancer cells beyond original site

Front 20

carcinogen

Back 20

substances known to produce or promote the development of cancer

Front 21

somatic cells

Back 21

body cells, make up mostly everything

Front 22

gametes

Back 22

sex cells

Front 23

homologous chromosomes

Back 23

two chromosomes that have the same length and general apperance

Front 24

autosomes

Back 24

chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics not directly related to sex of organism

Front 25

sex chromosomes

Back 25

directly control development of sexual characteristics

Front 26

diploid

Back 26

cells with two copies of each chromosomes

Front 27

haploid

Back 27

a cell that has only one copy of each chromosomes

Front 28

meiosis

Back 28

the production of gametes

Front 29

whaat happens in meiosis

Back 29

they go through mitosis twice kind of

Front 30

sister chromatids

Back 30

the two chromatids on a chromosomes

Front 31

traits

Back 31

distinguishing chracteristics that are inherited

Front 32

homozygous

Back 32

two of the same alleles at a specific locus

Front 33

heterozygous

Back 33

two diff allels at a specific locus

Front 34

genotpe

Back 34

Rr Pp Gg

Front 35

phenotype

Back 35

red, pink

Front 36

recessive

Back 36

covered up.. needs two to be shown

Front 37

sex linked genes

Back 37

genes that are located on the sex chromosome

Front 38

incomplete dominance

Back 38

hetero phenol is btween 2 homo pheno

Front 39

mutation

Back 39

change in an organisms DNA

Front 40

mutagens

Back 40

agents in the environment that can change Dna