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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Clade Crecazoa
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Many Amoebas
Chlorarachniophytes Foraminiferans -have shells called tests |
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Clade Radiolaria
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tests made of silica
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Clade Amoebozoa
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amoebas
Gymnamoebas Entamoebas Slime Molds |
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Clade Red Algae
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phycoerythrin
heterotrophic multicellular sea weeds |
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Clade Green Algae
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chlorophytes
-together with fungi make up lichens Charaphyceans -related to land plants |
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Fungal importance
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decomposers
symbiotic with plants pathogens commercial products |
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What is a fungus?
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external digestion
prominent haploid eukaryotic |
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Body Structure
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hyphae
used for absorption mycellium is whole fungus cell wall made of chitin |
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Hyphae types
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septate hyphae
coenocytic hyphae |
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Specialized Hyphae
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trapping prey
penetrating cells plant roots |
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Fungal reproduction
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Asexual + sexual
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Evolutionary Origin of Fungi
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closely related to animals
evolved from unicellular flagellated protist chytrid fungi |
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Phylum Chytridoiomycota
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saprobes and parasites
early divergence from other fungi |
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Phylum Zygomycota
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zygosporangium
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Phylum Glomeromycetes
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arbuscular mycorrhizae
90% of plants have symbiotic relations |
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Phylum Ascomycota
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possess acus
asci contained in ascocarp saprobes and pathogens |
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Phylum Basidiomycota
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club fungi
includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, molds, mycorrhizae, rusts, and smuts |
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Role of Fungi
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Decomposition
Lichens Mycorrhizae Antibiotics Parasites |
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major groups of eukaryotes
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protista
fungi land plants animals |
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Evolutionary Origin of Land Plants
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evolved from green algae
common ancestor with Charophyceans |
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key characteristics in common with charsophyceans
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1. rosette cellulose-synthesizing complex
2. Peroxisome Enzymes 3. Structure of Flagellated Sperm 4. Formation of Phragmoplast 5. Genetic Evidence |
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Key Traits of Land Plants (present in land plants, absent in charophyceans)
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.apical meristem
.alternation of generations .walled spores produced in sporangium .multicellular gametangia + embryos |
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Diversity Within the Land Plants
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Vascular and nonvascular
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Bryophytes
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nonvascular
mainly haploid liverworts hornworts mosses |
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Seedless Vascular Plants
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Phylum Lycophyta
club mosses, spike mosses, and quillworts Phylum Pterophytes ferns, horsetails, whisk ferns, and relatives |
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Advantages of Seeds
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protect embryo
multicellular may remain dormant carries own food supply |
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Gymnosperms
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seeds not enclosed in ovaries
conifers 600 species (about) |
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Angiosperms
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flowering plants, most diverse
Phylum Anthophyta |
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Flower Whorls
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CARPELS
STAMENS PETALS SEPALS |
