Biology Of Disease Ii - Veterinary Parasitiology

Front 1

This phylum contains most of the important ectoparasites of animals.

Back 1

Arthropods

Front 2

Only 2 of the 13 classes are of major veterinary importance, what are they?

Back 2

Insecta & Arachnida

Front 3

Most members of the class Insecta have three immature stages. What are they? Which can absent?

Back 3

egg, larve (or nymph), pupa (absent in some)

Front 4

What are the two different types of immature stages of Insecta?

Back 4

Simple or incomplete metamorphosis, complex or complete metamorphosis

Front 5

Contrast and compare simple/complex metamorphosis.

Back 5

Simple - forms hatch from egg RESEMBLE the adults, but are not sexually mature
These LARVA or NYMPHS pass through 3 - 6 forms of growth feeding stages until they mature.
Complex - form hatches from the egg is DIFFERENT from the adult.
They feed and grow before changing into a nonfeeding (resting stage) called a PUPA. Embryonic development insie the pupae finally produces the adult stages.
Both - arise from egg, go through feeding and growing stages (although at different points)

Front 6

Adults insecta bodies are divided into 3 distinct parts. What are they?

Back 6

head, thorax, abdomin

Front 7

Where are the legs and wings attached of insectas? How many of each are often present?

Back 7

thorax - 3 pairs of legs and 2 pairs of wings

Front 8

The body segments of insectas are encased in a hard, ___ plates connected by ___ membranes.

Back 8

chitinous, flexible

Front 9

T/F Arachnids hatch from eggs.

Back 9

True

Front 10

How can you tell the difference between larval and adult arachnids?

Back 10

The larva have only 3 pairs of legs. When they molt (ecdyses - ek-duh-sis) into a nymph with 4 pairs of legs which molts into an adult.

Front 11

What are the parts of the Arachnid body?

Back 11

Capitulum or gnathostoma - mouth parts collectively
Idiosoma - head, thorax, and abdomen fused together

Front 12

T/F Arachnids are enclosed in a hard chitinous shield, just like Insects.

Back 12

False. Although some may have a dorsal chitinous shield over all or part of there idiosoma.

Front 13

The term "tick" refers to the ___members of the order Acarina and the term "mite" refers to the ___ Acarina.

Back 13

Larger, smaller

Front 14

T/F Fleas are host specific.

Back 14

False, they have a preferred host

Front 15

Ctenocephalides felis and C. canis are cat and dog fleas respectively. Which is most frequently found on both?

Back 15

Ctenocephalides felis

Front 16

The flea life cycle can be 3 weeks to as long as __.

Back 16

1 year

Front 17

Why are fleas difficult to control?

Back 17

most of the time is spent off of the host

Front 18

Where is the flea larvae found?

Back 18

in the dirt

Front 19

What is a common problem caused by flea salvia?

Back 19

Flea Allergy Dermatitis

Front 20

2 Clinical signs of fleas in K9

Back 20

-pruritus
-acutely sensitized to flea saliva and develop Flea Allergy Dermatitis

Front 21

Pruritus with lesions caused by fleas is commonly found where on K9?

Back 21

base of tail, ventral abdomen, medial surface of the thigh

Front 22

Describe the acute lesion caused by fleas in dogs. Then the chronic.

Back 22

Acute - erythematous area with pustules and crust formation
Chronic - skin becomes thickened and hyperpigmented

Front 23

K9 may have self-inflicted trauma that leads to several possible outcomes.

Back 23

hot spots, 2nd bacterial infection, fly strike

Front 24

4 clinical signs of fleas in cats

Back 24

1. Pruritus - some individuals become highly sensitized (Feline miliary dermatitis)
2. Lesions found on lower back, spinal region and head
3. primary lesion - small discrete erythematous papule covered by reddish brown crust
4. psychogenic manifestations

Front 25

Examples of flea control ON the animal

Back 25

1. flea collar
2. spray, powder, shampoo
3. systemic organophosphates
4. brewer's yeast
5. hyposenitization

Front 26

Examples of flea control OFF the animal

Back 26

sanitation
sprays
foggers

Front 27

Dog and cat fleas are intermediate hosts of what 2 endoparasites?

Back 27

Dipylidium caninum (tapeworm), Dipetalonema reconditum (DD for heartworm)

Front 28

What is Echidnophaga gallinacea

Back 28

the stick tight flea of poultry, may be seen on farm dogs and cats - adults burrow into the skin of face, toes, and scrotum

Front 29

T/F Lice are fairly comon in pet animals today.

Back 29

False, uncommon

Front 30

Two types of lice are?

Back 30

sucking (Anoplura) and biting (Mallophaga)

Front 31

Name example of biting and sucking lice and identify which is which.

Back 31

Sucking - Linognathus setosus
Biting - Trichodectues canis, Felicola subrostratus

Front 32

Linognathus setosus can cause ___ particularly in neonates.

Back 32

anemia

Front 33

Lice are considered large or small ectoparasites?

Back 33

small

Front 34

What type of metamorphosis do lice undergo?

Back 34

Simple

Front 35

T/F Lice are small but macroscopically visible

Back 35

True

Front 36

What part of the lice's life cycle is resistant to treatment? What is it?

Back 36

nits - eggs on hair shaft

Front 37

Define pediculosis

Back 37

infestation by lice

Front 38

Where is the life cycle of the louse spend mostly?

Back 38

ENTIRELY on the host

Front 39

Are lice host specific?

Back 39

yes, HIGHLY

Front 40

How long is the lice life cycle?

Back 40

Short - 11-14d

Front 41

CS & Dx of lice

Back 41

-pruritus with or w/o anemia
-macroscopic id and/or presence of nits

Front 42

Why are lice easy to control?

Back 42

Whole LC is spent on host

Front 43

T/F when treating for lice only treat known infected animals.

Back 43

False, treat all animals

Front 44

What is the recommended tx for nits?

Back 44

none

Front 45

Can lice be transmitted via fomites?

Back 45

you betcha! - yes!

Front 46

What are the 3 ares human lice infest? Can you catch it from the dog?

Back 46

head, body, and pubic lice... NO!

Front 47

What is caused by either from the wounds of biting flies or the annoyance caused by non-biting flies?

Back 47

Fly worry

Front 48

What type of flies cause myiasis? What type of areas are they attracted to?

Back 48

Flesh flies, blow flies. Wounds or areas soiled with urine and feces

Front 49

Fly maggots feed on necrotic tissue, this should be a good thing. Why is not during myiasis?

Back 49

The wound becomes enlarged, other flies are attracted.

Front 50

How can you tx and manage myiasis?

Back 50

peroxide to remove maggots and clean wound, fly repellant

Front 51

What is the genus of bot flies or warbles?

Back 51

Cuterebra

Front 52

Larvae of bot flies are normally parasites of __ & __.

Back 52

rabbits & rodents

Front 53

Bot fly larvae are found in large subcutaneous cyts, usually found on the __ or __.

Back 53

head or neck

Front 54

What can happen if you accidently break the Cuterebra larva?

Back 54

You may produce an anaphylactic reaction

Front 55

Ticks are part of what order?

Back 55

Arachnid

Front 56

How many different patterns of life cycles

Back 56

3 diff types