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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the purpose of a test cross?
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To check for carriers of a trait and the probability that offspring will have a particular allele
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Why do plant and animal breeders use genetics?
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To selectively breed organisms with desirable traits
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Inbreeding
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Mating between closely related individuals
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Test Cross
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A cross of an individual of unknown genotype with an individual of known genotype
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Genetic Engineering
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A faster more reliable method for increasing the frequency of a specific allele in a population
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Recombinant DNA
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Made by connecting, or recombining, fragments of DNA from different sources
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Transgenic Organisms
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Contain genes from other species
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Restriction Enzymes
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Bacterial proteins that have the ability to cut both strands of the DNA molecule at a specific nucleotide sequence
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Plasmid
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A small ring of DNA found in a bacterial cell
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Vector
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Means by which DNA from another species can be carried into the host cell (Bacterial DNA)
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Gene Splicing
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Rejoining of DNA fragments
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Clones
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Genetically identical copies
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Human Genome
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The total number of genes in an individual
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Linkage Map
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The genetic map that shows the location of genes on a chromosome
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Gene Therapy
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The insertion of normal genes into human cells to correct genetic disorders
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Why are plant cells difficult to genetically engineer?
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They do not have the plasmids needed for taking up foreign DNA
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An organism that contains functional recombinant DNA is called a what?
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Transgenic Organism
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