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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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true breeding
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if an organism has a certain characteristic that is always passed on to its offspring, we say that this organism bred true with respect to that characteristic.
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genotype
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the two letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait.
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phenotype
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the observable expression of an organisms genes.
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homozygous genotpye
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a genotype in which both alleles are identical.
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heterozyguos genotype
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a genotype with two different alleles.
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dominant allele
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an allele that will determine phenotype if just one group is present in the genotype.
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recessive allele
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an allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that allele.
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pedigree
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a diagram that follows a particular genotype through several generations.
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monohybrid cross
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a cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait.
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dihybrid cross
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a cross between two individuals concentrating on two definable traits.
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autosomes
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chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual.
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sex chromosomes
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chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual.
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antigen
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a protein that when introduced in the blood triggers the production of an antibody.
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autosomal inheritance
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the inheritance of a genetic trait not on a sex chromosome.
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genetic disease carrier
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a person who is heteryzogous in a recessive genetic disorder.
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sex linked inheritance
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inheritance of a genetic trait located on the sex chromosome
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mutation
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a radical change in one or more allelesduring meiosis.
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change in chromosome structure
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a situation in which a chromosome loses or gains genes during meiosis.
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change in chromosome number
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a situation in which abnormal cellular events in meiosis lead to either none of a particular chromosome in the gamete or more than one chromosome in the gamete.
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