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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Kingdom Protista made up of?
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microorganisms that are eukaryotic.
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What is a eukaryotic cell?
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membrane-bound organelles
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What are eukaryotic cells required to do to stay alive?
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each organelle performs its own set of tasks and must be able to work together as a group
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What are the two main groups in Kingdom Protista?
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protozoa and algae
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What is protozoa?
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individual single-celled creatures that are heterotrophic and have a means of locomotion
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What is algae?
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forms colonies and are most-likely autotrophic. most simply float on or near the top of a body of water
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What are the four major phyla in subkingdom Protozoa?
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Mastigophora
Ciliophora Sarcodina Sporozoa |
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What are the five major phyla in subkingdom Algae?
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Chlorophyta
Chrysophyta Pyrrophyta Phaeophyta Rhodophyta |
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What are some characteristics of phylum Sarcodina?
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have no standard body shape.
enclosed in flexible membrane that allows for shape change. have pseudopods. ex: amoeba |
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What is a pseudopod?
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a temporary foot-like extension of a cell, used for locomotion or engulfing food
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What is a nucleus?
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the region of a eukaryotic cell that contains the cell's main DNA
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What is a vacuole?
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a membrane-bounded "sac" within a cell
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What are the two types of vacuoles that an amoeba has?
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food vacuole and contractile vacuole
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What is a food vacuole?
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holds and stores food while its being digested
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What is a contractile vacuole?
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regulates the amount of water in a cell
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What is ectoplasm?
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the thin, watery cytoplasm near the plasma membrane of some cells
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What is endoplasm?
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the dense cytoplasm found in the interior of many cells
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What is a flagellate?
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a protozoan that propels itself with a flagellum
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What are some characteristics of genus Euglena?
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have the ability to produce there own food via photosynthesis. they also ingest and decompose the remains of dead organisms. have a nucleus, contractile vacuoles, and a pellicle
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What is a pellicle?
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a firm flexible coating outside the plasma membrane
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What is a chloroplast?
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an organelle containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
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What is chlorophyll?
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a pigment necessary for photosynthesis
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What is an eyespot?
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a light sensitive region in certain protozoa
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What are some other characteristics of Euglena?
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contain chlorophyll, chloroplasts, an eyespot, and reproduce asexually
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What is African Sleeping sickness?
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a disease carried by a tsetse fly. one bite and the disease travels thru the bloodstream and most often ends in death.
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What is symbiosis?
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a close relationship between two or more species where at least one is benefiting
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What are three different types of symbioses?
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mutualism
commensalism parasitism |
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What is mutualism?
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a relationship between two or more organisms of different species where all benefit from the association.
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What is commensalism?
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a relationship between two organisms of different species where one is benefited and the other is neither harmed nor benefited
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What is parasitism?
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a relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed
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What are some characteristics of phylum Ciliophora?
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have cilia, mostly live in fresh water, has a macronucleus and a micronucleus, have a contractile vacuole, food vacuole
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What is cilia?
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hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion
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What is a macronucleus?
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controls the parameciums metabolism
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What is micronucleus?
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controls reproduction
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How does the paramecium eat?
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has an oral groove that is lined with cilia, these cilia sweep food into the gullet through the oral pore. once full the gullet becomes a food vacuole and travels thru the cell, floating in the cytoplasm. what is not digested is sent thru the anal pore.
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What are some characteristics of phylum Sporozoa?
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no means of locomotion, parasitic, form spores
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What is a spore?
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a reproductive cell with a hard, protective coating.
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What is malaria?
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the deadliest disease to human kind and is carried by a mosquito
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What is alternations of generations?
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different generations that alternate between spore formation and other modes of reproduction.
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What are some characteristics of subkingdom algae?
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often called "grass of the water", photosynthetic, major food source for many aquatic organisms, exist as individual cells, but form colonies, reproduce asexually and sexually
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What is plankton?
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tiny organisms that float in the water.
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What are the two types of plankton?
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zooplankton and phytoplankton
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What is zooplankton?
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tiny floating organisms that are either small animals or protozoa
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What is phytoplankton?
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tiny floating photosynthetic organisms, primarily algae
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What is a thallus?
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the body of a plant like organism that is not divided into leaves, roots, or stems.
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What is an algal bloom?
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when the algae take over its habitat and make the water appear the same color as themselves.
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