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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The interaction of a community with its environment forms
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an ecosystem
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involves interactions between biotic and abiotic factors.
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an ecosystem
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an example of a population would be
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all the honeybees of one species in an orchard
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A biologist is studying a freshwater ecosystem in a creek. She notes that the following are found in her study area: gravel, plants, snails, fish. A community in this ecosystem would consist of the
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fish, plants, and snails
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Which list of factors relating to an ecosystem contains only abiotic factors?
a. sunlight, green plants, rainfall, consumers, oxygen b. sunlight, climate, rainfall, minerals, gases c. sunlight, green plants, rainfall, producers, carbon dioxide d. sunlight, rainfall, consumers, producers, water |
sunlight, climate, rainfall, minerals, gases
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An example of a population is
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all the Sialia sialis (Eastern Bluebird) in the state of Ohio
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Regions across the world with similar abiotic conditions are known as:
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biomes
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Spotted knapweed is a plant that was introduced to the United States from Europe or Asia. It spreads rapidly and is poisonous to other plants. It has become a problem in the pastures and rangeland of the Western United States. The Spotted knapweed, in this scenario, is an example of
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an invasive species
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The three dimensions of sustainability are
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economic, environmental, social
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An indicator is
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an observation or calculation that shows the presence or state of a condition or trend.
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The decline of the quality of soil, water, or vegetation that is due to human activities is called
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land degradation
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A correlation
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is a relationship between one event or action and another.
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What factors result in eutrophication of a lake?
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a dramatic increase of dissolved nutrients
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A community is _______ if it meets its present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
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sustainable
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This is an observation or calculation that shows the presence or state of a condition or trend
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indicator
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This is the decline in the overall quality of soil, water, or vegetation caused by human activities or natural events.
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Land degradation
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This is between two events when one event (called the cause) directly produces another event (called the effect).
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causal relationship
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a relationship between one event or action and another.
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correlation
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Is the drawback for a given decision, involves balancing benefits and risks, and can involve giving up one benefit in excange for another
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trade-off
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a dramatic increase of available nutrients in the water, resulting in an increase in plant growth, especially of algae.
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Eutrophication
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The interaction of a community with its environment forms:
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Ecosystem
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populations of multiple species living in the same area
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community
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In a natural community, all the living things that directly or indirectly affect the environment are known as
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biotic
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non-living factors
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abiotic
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regions with similar abiotic conditions
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Biomes
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The number of species found in a given ecosystem or area.
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Biodiversity
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a nonnative species that enters a new area, causing harm to the native species and environment, the economy, or human health
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Invasive species
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If a species is introduced to an area where it is not naturally found it is referred to as
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nonnative
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a natural feature, such as a rock, a pinch of soil, or an organism, that stores carbon-containing molecules
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a carbon reservoir
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The movement of carbon between carbon reservoirs
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carbon cycle
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a map what each organism eats and how the energy flows through an ecosystem
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food web
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feeds on other organisms and dead and decaying biological material and wastes to obtain energy
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Decomposer
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Feeds on other organisms to obtain energy
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Consumer
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Transforms light energy or other energy sources into chemical energy.
The chemical energy is stored in carbon-containing molecules, such as simple sugars or starch. |
Producer
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The process by which cells release stored energy from sugars.
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Cellular respiration
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the process in which producer cells use carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients to produce glucose and oxygen.
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Photosynthesis
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Bacteria that are decomposers are essential to an ecosystem because they:
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recycle organic matter
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Carbon is transferred from plants to animals by which molecule?
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glucose
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Carbon is transferred from animals to plants by which molecule?
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carbon dioxide
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What cell structure is the site of photosynthesis
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chloroplasts
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During cellular respiration the chemical energy of a glucose molecule is gradually released, producing ATP and:
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water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
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What is the role of phytoplankton in a pond ecosystem?
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producer
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Oak trees make their own food. Their cells contain structures that capture energy from the sun. What are these structures?
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chloroplasts
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Bacteria that take in oxygen to break down glucose and release energy are performing:
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Cellular respiration
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Animals that feed exclusively on primary consumers are known as
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secondary consumers
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In a community that is highly developed, which of the following sustainability challenges are most likely?
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high energy and water consumption
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“The higher the levels of phosphates and nitrates in a body of water, the less sustainable it is.” This statement is a:
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Both a negative correlation and a causality.
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the more a person exercises, the more sweat they produce
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is an example of a positive coorelation that has a causal relationship
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Which type of indicator would include imports, exports, average household income, and GDP?
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economic
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sunlight, climate, rainfall, minerals, gases
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are all abiotic factors in an ecosystem
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The total weight of a population is known as its
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Biomass
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why producers are always found at the beginning of a food chain?
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Producers create their own food by converting energy from the sun into chemical energy
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What is NOT TRUE about plankton?
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Plankton populations have no affect on humans
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A student has set up an artificial ecosystem for a class project. This ecosystem has producers, primary
consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers. By accident, a chemical enters the ecosystem and kills all of the primary consumers. Which group(s) of organisms will most likely survive? |
Producers
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Animals that feed exclusively on plants
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Primary Consumers
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Organisms that recycle organic matter in an ecosystem
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Decomposers
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A species that has been introduced into a new location
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Nonnative
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A species that is in its natural environment or habitat
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Native
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How has human activity affected the carbon cycle in the post-industrial era?
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B. Humans have caused more carbon to cycle into the atmosphere from other reservoirs.
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In the carbon cycle, carbon is transferred to plants by which molecule?
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carbon dioxide
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This would lead to an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
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an increase in the burning of fossil fuels
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Several years after a severe forest fire, grasses began to grow in the burned area. After 10 years, small bushes and
trees replaced the grasses. This pattern of plant growth is known as: |
Ecological succession
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Dead zones occur when there is little to no carbon dioxide in the water
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This statement is false
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The amount of what gas is INCREASED if there is an increase in the rate of photosynthesis?
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oxygen
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During cellular respiration the chemical energy of a glucose molecule is gradually released, producing ATP and:
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water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2)
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Leeches often attach to the tongue of a crocodile and feed on the crocodile’s blood. The Egyptian plover is a bird
that flies into the mouth of the crocodile and eats the leeches. The crocodiles do not harm the plover. What term describes the relationship between the plover and the crocodile? |
mutualism
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A symbiotic relationship exists between two organisms of different species. If only one organism benefits from the
relationship and the other is not harmed, the relationship is known as |
Commensalism
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Bacteria that take in oxygen to break down glucose and release energy are performing:
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Cellular respiration
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Which cellular structure would be found in plant and algae cells but NOT found in the cells of a fish?
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chloroplasts
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Bromothymol blue turns green then yellow when it is exposed to a weak acid. A small amount of bromothymol blue was added to a test tube of water containing an aquatic snail. The color of the water in the tube changed from blue to green to yellow after 30 minutes. A likely explanation for this color change is that the
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snail is performing celluar respiration, adding carbon dioxide to the water
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Cyanide is a poison that prevents mitochondria from using oxygen. As a result, the mitochondria would not be able to perform
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cellular respiration
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This supplies the main energy source used in cellular respiration?
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glucose
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What gas does the process of photosynthesis release into the atmosphere?
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Oxygen
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Energy produced by cellular respiration is stored as
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ATP
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This substance is NOT cycled by the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
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nitrogen
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Carbon is transferred from plants to animals by which molecule?
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glucose
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What is the BEST description of what happens during the process of cellular respiration?
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Chemical energy is released from glucose.
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Oak trees make their own food. Their cells contain structures that capture energy from the sun. What are these structures?
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chloroplasts
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describe the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis
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Plants take in water, carbon dioxide, and light energy to produce carbohydrates (sugars); oxygen is given off.
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describe the inputs and outputs of aerobic cellular respiration
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Organisms take in carbohydrates (sugars) and oxygen, and produce water and carbon dioxide waste
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All living cells need energy to function.
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true
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If no sunlight is available, the cells of producers immediately run out of energy.
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false
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All producers and consumers ultimately depend on the sugars that are produced during photosynthesis.
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true
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Cellular respiration is the process by which oxygen enters the lungs.
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false
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Photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy.
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true
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Cyanide is a poison that prevents the cell from using oxygen. Which organelle is directly affected?
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Mitochondria
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The fundamental (basic) unit of life is the
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cell
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This is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
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cell wall
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What is the major function of the cell membrane?
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To control what substances move in and out
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A student examines a cell under the microscope and observes that the cell contains many mitochondria.
This is evidence that the cell uses lots of |
Energy
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What is the first cell function to be affected if the Golgi apparatus is damaged?
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The cell will not be able to export proteins.
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Human diseases can be
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Infectious, genetic, and noninfectious
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Paramecium and Euglena are both eukaryotes because they both
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Have a nucleus
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What is the total magnification if the eyepiece has a magnification of 20x and the objective lens has a magnification of 10x?
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200
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