Biology Lab Test 3 Bold Words Chapter 8

Front 1

What division are ferns?

Back 1

Division Pteridophyta

Front 2

What 4 division are the gynosperms?

Back 2

Divisions Coniferophyta, Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, and Gnetophyta.

Front 3

The study of tree rings and the relationship to their age.

Back 3

dendrochronology

Front 4

What is a cryptogam?

Back 4

A term used to describe any plant that reproduces by spores.

Front 5

"typical ferns" (division)

Back 5

Division Pteridophyta

Front 6

Leaves with leaf gaps and branching veins are known as what kind of leaves?

Back 6

Megaphyllous leaves

Front 7

What does the term homosporous mean?

Back 7

Plants that are homosporous produce spores of the same size and type.

Front 8

What does the term heterosporous mean?

Back 8

Heterosporous plants, such as quillworts, produce spores of two different sizes: the larger spore in effect functioning as a "female" spore and the smaller functioning as a "male".

Front 9

Vascular plant spores are always ________ (haploid or diploid) and vascular plants are either homosporous or heterosporous.

Back 9

haploid

Front 10

What are the clusters of sporangia on the lower (or abaxial) sides of the leaves (usually called fronds in this group) called?

Back 10

sori

Front 11

The lower side of a leaf is called what?

Back 11

abaxial

Front 12

What is the name given to a large leaf, usually associated with palms, ferns, or cycads?

Back 12

fronds

Front 13

In many ferns the frond is divided into "leaflets" which are known as what?

Back 13

pinnae

Front 14

When young fronds develop into coiled patterns, it is called what?

Back 14

circinate vernation

Front 15

Two distinct orders of ferns that are heterosporous.

Back 15

Marsileales and Salviniales (Marsilea and Salvinia).

Front 16

What is the umbrella like cover that protects sori?

Back 16

indusium

Front 17

When talking about sori, what does the term 'annulus' mean?

Back 17

The row of thick-walled cells running across the top of the capsule. It surrounds the sporangia.

Front 18

Fern gametophytes develop from what?

Back 18

spores

Front 19

Fern gametophytes develop from what? Haploid or diploid

Back 19

spores - haploid

Front 20

The haploid structure that produces and stores the male gametes.

Back 20

Antheridia

Front 21

The structure that produces and stores the female gametes.

Back 21

Archegonia

Front 22

n = ?

Back 22

haploid

Front 23

2n = ?

Back 23

diploid

Front 24

gametophyte = ?

Back 24

haploid

Front 25

sporophyte = ?

Back 25

diploid

Front 26

A spore-bearing plant in the mature gametophyte stage.

Back 26

Prothallia

Front 27

Significance of Psilotum

Back 27

-Homospory
-Dichotomous Branching
-Lack of true roots
-3-lobed sporangia
-Has 'appendages' called enations

Front 28

A cluster of sporangia that have become fused in development is called a?

Back 28

Synangium

Front 29

Sporangiophores bears what?

Back 29

six sporangia

Front 30

The cone like structure located on the top of stems.

Back 30

strobili

Front 31

When microphyllous leaves are fused at the base to form what?

Back 31

sheaths.

Front 32

Sheaths that encircle the stems at several intervals

Back 32

nodes

Front 33

The sporangia of Equisetum are (heterosporous or homosporous)?

Back 33

Homosporous

Front 34

A double cell wall that unwraps to form what?

Back 34

hygroscopic elaters.

Front 35

Xylem transfers what?

Back 35

water

Front 36

Phloem transfers what?

Back 36

Nutrients

Front 37

A central axis and leaves in a staminate is what?

Back 37

microsporophyllus

Front 38

microsporophyllus bear what?

Back 38

microsporangia

Front 39

Microsporangia bear what?

Back 39

pollen grains

Front 40

What are the male gametophyte stage in the life cycle?

Back 40

pollen grains

Front 41

Male _____ cones

Back 41

Staminate

Front 42

Female ______ cones.

Back 42

Ovulate

Front 43

This bears two ovules which will develop into seeds.

Back 43

Ovuliferous scale

Front 44

What develops inside the ovule?

Back 44

the female gametophyte

Front 45

What is more complex, the male staminate or female ovulate? Which one is larger?

Back 45

female ovulate, female

Front 46

A key to genera of common things such as a conifer, is called a what?

Back 46

Dichotomous key

Front 47

What is the term where each plant produces only one kind of cone?

Back 47

dioecious

Front 48

cycads are in the division....

Back 48

cycadophyta

Front 49

Conifers are in the division...

Back 49

coniferophyta

Front 50

This gnetophyte has two leaves with clusters of cones at the base. Only grows in deserts.

Back 50

Welwitschia

Front 51

This gnetophyte is the only one located in the US and which looks similar to Equisetum.

Back 51

Ephedra

Front 52

This gnetophyte is tropical shrubs and vines.

Back 52

Gnetum