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72 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

What are 4 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes-small, simple celled, no membrane bound


Eukaryotes- larger, complex, membrane bound

Where is the chlorophyll located in gleocapsa?

Chloroplasts

What cellular structure in the onion epithelial cell is stained by nuetral red?

Nucleus

Describe the shape of the onion epethelial cell.

Very long retangular shapes

What is the purpose of cytoplasmic steaming in elodea?

Picking up nutrients and getting rid of wastes.

What structures do you see in elodea that indicate that they are plant cells?

Cell wall and chloroplast

What are the differences between plant and animal cell?

Animal- no cell wall, small to no vacuole


Plant- rigid cell wall, usually have no flagella, no centrioles

Compare the differences between amoeba and paramecium.

Amoeba- block like small red circles clumped together


Paramecium- distinct shaped pieces blue/purple in color

What are the advantages in studying live specimens?

Seeing movement

What are the advantages of studying prepared slides?

Concentrating on simple things without movement.

What are the characteristics of eukaryotes?

Large and complex


Membrane bound

Which kingdom has prokaryotic cells?

Eubacteria

What are the characteristics of fungi?

Large and complex


Multicellular

Explain the difference between brownian motion and diffusion.

Brownian-random


Diffusion-has direction

Do molecules stop moving when diffusion stops?

No when diffusion stops, brownian motion begins

Which molecules would you expect to diffuse faster, molecules with a greater molecular size or a smaller molecular size?

Smaller

How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion?

The higher the temp, the more rapid diffusion is.

In a diffusion experiment, which molecules and ions would you expect to move through a membrane? What prevented some molecules from passing through the membrane?

OH would pass through


Iodine would pass through


The size of some molecules stop them from passing through

Hypotonic solution

Swollen

Isotonic solution

Normal

Hypertonic solution

Wrinkled

How does the charge of a molecule affect the rate of diffusion?

The higher the charge, the more difficult to pass.

Micrometer

Centimeters

Beakers

Milliliters

Triple beam balance

Gram

Thermometer

Celcius

The basic unit of volume in the metric system is the

Liter

The basic unit of mass in the metric system is the

Gram

1000 meter

One kilometer

1/1000 liter

One milliliter

1000 gram

One kilogram

Tare weigh

Weigh of the container

What are the common prefixes used in the metric system?

Centi


Milli


Micro


Kilo

What is the basic unit of lenght in the metric system? Give three examples of common units in the lab

Meter


Millimeter


Centimeter


Kilometer

What is the formula for measuring area?

Length × width

What is the formula for measuring volume?

Length × width × height

What is used to measure liquid volume?

Graduated cylinder

What is the basic unit for all laboratory glassware? Give an example of one common unit in the lab

Liter


Milliliter

What units are used to measure temperature in the metric system?


What is the freezing and melting points of water in the metric system?

Celsius


0 degrees

What is the basic unit of mass in the metric system? Give 2 examples of common units in the lab

Grams


Milligrams


Kilograms

How would you measure indirect weight?

Weight of the container and substance minus the weight of the empty container

Resolution

The ability ro distinquish that two close objects are distinct and seperate

Field depth

The thickness of the specimen in focus

Parfocal

The image remains nearly in focus as you change power

Magnification

The increase in the apparent size of the specimen

Parcentric

The image remains nearly in the center of the field of view as you change power

Biological stains improve

Contrast

Objectives


Stage


Light source

What part of rhe microscope regulates the size of the light beam from the light source?

Condenser lens

Why should you avoid making adjustments to the position of the viewing head while using the microscope?

You can break the slide or objectives

When can you use the course adjustment knob to focus the specimen?

Low magnification

If a specimen needs to be moved to the right of the field of view, which direction would you move the slide?

Left

If you want to increase the resolution to the specimen on the slide, then what adjustments should you make to the microscope?

Fine and course adjustment knob

What features of the microscope makes it easier to find your specimens when you change magnifacation?

Parfocal

What happens to the brightness of the field of view when you you go from low to high power?

Gets lower

Which objective provide the greatest field of depth?

Low

What are the four main classes of biological molecules?

Carbohydrates


Proteins


Lipids


Nucleic acids

What are polymers? Monomers? How do they relate to hydrolysis and dehydration?

Polymers- large bio molecules


Monomers-repeating subunits


Build a polymer with dehydration synthesis and break down a polymer with hydrolysis

What are experiments?

Things to test to get an answer to you hypothesis

What are carbohydrates? Name three types of carbohydrates

Sugars


monosaccharides


disaccharides


polysaccharides

What are proteins?

Polymers

What type of bond holds amino acids together?

Peptide bond

What are lipids? how do they react in water?

Fats


lipids are hydrophobic

Give an example of triglycerides? steroids?

Saturated fats


monosaturated


polyunsaturated


Steroid-


corticosteroids


estrogens and progestogens

What are nucleic acids?

DNA RNA

What is the structure of DNA?

A double helix formed by base pairs attached to sugar phosphate backbone

Carbohydrates

Starch

Nucleic acids

Nucleotides

Proteins

Polymers

Lipids

Glycerol

Biuerets reagent is used to detect the presence of

Proteins

What element is not found in monosaccharides?

Nitrogen