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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are 4 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? |
Prokaryotes-small, simple celled, no membrane bound Eukaryotes- larger, complex, membrane bound |
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Where is the chlorophyll located in gleocapsa? |
Chloroplasts |
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What cellular structure in the onion epithelial cell is stained by nuetral red? |
Nucleus |
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Describe the shape of the onion epethelial cell. |
Very long retangular shapes |
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What is the purpose of cytoplasmic steaming in elodea? |
Picking up nutrients and getting rid of wastes. |
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What structures do you see in elodea that indicate that they are plant cells? |
Cell wall and chloroplast |
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What are the differences between plant and animal cell? |
Animal- no cell wall, small to no vacuole Plant- rigid cell wall, usually have no flagella, no centrioles |
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Compare the differences between amoeba and paramecium. |
Amoeba- block like small red circles clumped together Paramecium- distinct shaped pieces blue/purple in color |
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What are the advantages in studying live specimens? |
Seeing movement |
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What are the advantages of studying prepared slides? |
Concentrating on simple things without movement. |
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What are the characteristics of eukaryotes? |
Large and complex Membrane bound |
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Which kingdom has prokaryotic cells? |
Eubacteria |
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What are the characteristics of fungi? |
Large and complex Multicellular |
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Explain the difference between brownian motion and diffusion. |
Brownian-random Diffusion-has direction |
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Do molecules stop moving when diffusion stops? |
No when diffusion stops, brownian motion begins |
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Which molecules would you expect to diffuse faster, molecules with a greater molecular size or a smaller molecular size? |
Smaller |
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How does temperature affect the rate of diffusion? |
The higher the temp, the more rapid diffusion is. |
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In a diffusion experiment, which molecules and ions would you expect to move through a membrane? What prevented some molecules from passing through the membrane? |
OH would pass through Iodine would pass through The size of some molecules stop them from passing through |
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Hypotonic solution |
Swollen |
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Isotonic solution |
Normal |
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Hypertonic solution |
Wrinkled |
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How does the charge of a molecule affect the rate of diffusion? |
The higher the charge, the more difficult to pass. |
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Micrometer |
Centimeters |
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Beakers |
Milliliters |
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Triple beam balance |
Gram |
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Thermometer |
Celcius |
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The basic unit of volume in the metric system is the |
Liter |
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The basic unit of mass in the metric system is the |
Gram |
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1000 meter |
One kilometer |
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1/1000 liter |
One milliliter |
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1000 gram |
One kilogram |
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Tare weigh |
Weigh of the container |
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What are the common prefixes used in the metric system? |
Centi Milli Micro Kilo |
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What is the basic unit of lenght in the metric system? Give three examples of common units in the lab |
Meter Millimeter Centimeter Kilometer |
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What is the formula for measuring area? |
Length × width |
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What is the formula for measuring volume? |
Length × width × height |
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What is used to measure liquid volume? |
Graduated cylinder |
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What is the basic unit for all laboratory glassware? Give an example of one common unit in the lab |
Liter Milliliter |
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What units are used to measure temperature in the metric system? What is the freezing and melting points of water in the metric system? |
Celsius 0 degrees |
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What is the basic unit of mass in the metric system? Give 2 examples of common units in the lab |
Grams Milligrams Kilograms |
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How would you measure indirect weight? |
Weight of the container and substance minus the weight of the empty container |
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Resolution |
The ability ro distinquish that two close objects are distinct and seperate |
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Field depth |
The thickness of the specimen in focus |
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Parfocal |
The image remains nearly in focus as you change power |
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Magnification |
The increase in the apparent size of the specimen |
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Parcentric |
The image remains nearly in the center of the field of view as you change power |
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Biological stains improve |
Contrast |
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Objectives Stage Light source |
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What part of rhe microscope regulates the size of the light beam from the light source? |
Condenser lens |
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Why should you avoid making adjustments to the position of the viewing head while using the microscope? |
You can break the slide or objectives |
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When can you use the course adjustment knob to focus the specimen? |
Low magnification |
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If a specimen needs to be moved to the right of the field of view, which direction would you move the slide? |
Left |
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If you want to increase the resolution to the specimen on the slide, then what adjustments should you make to the microscope? |
Fine and course adjustment knob |
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What features of the microscope makes it easier to find your specimens when you change magnifacation? |
Parfocal |
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What happens to the brightness of the field of view when you you go from low to high power? |
Gets lower |
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Which objective provide the greatest field of depth? |
Low |
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What are the four main classes of biological molecules? |
Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic acids |
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What are polymers? Monomers? How do they relate to hydrolysis and dehydration? |
Polymers- large bio molecules Monomers-repeating subunits Build a polymer with dehydration synthesis and break down a polymer with hydrolysis |
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What are experiments? |
Things to test to get an answer to you hypothesis |
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What are carbohydrates? Name three types of carbohydrates |
Sugars monosaccharides disaccharides polysaccharides |
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What are proteins? |
Polymers |
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What type of bond holds amino acids together? |
Peptide bond |
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What are lipids? how do they react in water? |
Fats lipids are hydrophobic |
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Give an example of triglycerides? steroids? |
Saturated fats monosaturated polyunsaturated Steroid- corticosteroids estrogens and progestogens |
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What are nucleic acids? |
DNA RNA |
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What is the structure of DNA? |
A double helix formed by base pairs attached to sugar phosphate backbone |
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Carbohydrates |
Starch |
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Nucleic acids |
Nucleotides |
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Proteins |
Polymers |
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Lipids |
Glycerol |
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Biuerets reagent is used to detect the presence of |
Proteins |
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What element is not found in monosaccharides? |
Nitrogen |